Abstract

Surfacing is the early work of Canadian writer, Margaret Atwood. Many studies and commentaries mainly interpret the novel from the perspective of ecologism, feminism, ecofeminism, etc, and offer good interpretations of story. However, not many scholars analyze the topic of protecting culture of native Indians（these native indians live in Quebec of Canada）included in the novel. Culture of native Indians is oppressed by dominant American one. The author deepens the concern to the humanitarian care of different cultures, especially culture of native Indians. Taking Surfacing as the literary text, the thesis has focused on exploring the origin of the crisis of culture of native Indians and the way to save it from the perspective of ecofeminism. In hence, the thesis has drawn a conclusion that the origin of crisis of culture of native Indians is anthropocentrism & dualism, west-centrism and the only way to protect it is to deconstruct anthropocentrism and dualism so as to gain discourse power for vulnerable groups, especially culture of native Indians.

Key Words: Surfacing  anthropocentrism  dualism  culture of native Indians

摘 要

  《浮现》是加拿大女性作家玛格丽特•阿特伍德的早期作品。历来学者多从生态主义、女性主义、以及生态女性主义等不同视角解读与批评该文本，对小说主题进行了深度挖掘。然而，研究并非多数涉及到故事中所蕴含的如何保护本土文化-印第安土著文化这一主题。故事中的女性、自然、以及印第安土著文化一直饱受男权社会的排斥与压迫。阿特伍德通过描写女主人公的心理历程表达了她对女性与自然的生存的关注，并且将这一关注深化为对不同民族及文化之间和谐发展的人道主义关怀。本论文以《浮现》为例，采用生态女性主义视角，集中探讨作者笔下印第安土著文化危机的根源以及拯救危机的有效途径，从而得出结论：印第安土著文化危机的根源是人类中心主义、二元论以及西方文化中心论。拯救文化危机的途径就是要解构人类中心主义以及二元论，进而为弱势群体，尤其是为印第安土著文化赢得话语权。

关键词：《浮现》 人类中心主义  二元论  印第安土著文化

1 Introduction
Margaret Atwood(1939-) was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. As the queen of Canadian literature, she is the most-honored author of fiction in recent history. She has written and published a lot of works, which have been interpreted from different perspectives, including feminism, ecologism and naturalism, etc. After ecofeminism appeared as a literary theory, it has been most frequently used in interpreting her  novels. However, the ecofeminist study of Atwood mainly focuses on the analysis of connection between women and nature reflected in her writings. Few of them are devoted to analyzing the problem of culture of native Indians(these native indians live in Quebec of Canada)reflected in stories.