Abstract

Oscar Wilde wrote in different forms including poet, play and novel. The only novel of Oscar Wilde is The Picture of Dorian Gray. In the book, three main characters Dorian Gray, Basil Hallward and Lord Henry all deserve wide analysis. It is about Dorian Gray’s life from beauty to corruption. He is a young man of extraordinary young and beauty, who is the central figure of the novel. He could preserve his youth and beauty, while the portrait was getting older and hideous. This essay applies Freudian psychoanalytical method to analyze the characters of the three heroes in The Picture of Dorian Gray. According to Sigmund Freud, people’s personality can be divided into three parts: id, ego and superego. Three heroes in the book reflect the three parts of personality respectively. Throughout exploration into the depth of man’s psyche in The Picture of Dorian Gray, which helps us know more about ourselves and keep balance and gain profound self-knowledge.

Key Words: psychoanalysis  id  ego  superego

摘 要

奥斯卡•王尔德曾写过不同的形式的作品，包括诗歌，剧本和小说。《道林•格雷的画像》是他唯一的一部小说。 在书中的三个主要的角色：道林•格雷、 巴兹尔•霍尔沃德还有亨利勋爵都值得探究。小说描述主人公道林•格雷是个极其年轻和美貌的人，他从美丽到堕落的过程。他能够保持年轻和美貌，而那幅画会变得越来越老，越来越丑恶。这篇论文运用弗洛伊德理论即：人格可分为三个部分：本我，自我和超我，去分析小说《道林•格林的画像》的三个主要人物。小说中三个主角正反应了人格的这三个部分。对《道林•格雷的画像》中人物心理的深入研究，能够帮助我们更多了解自我，同时保持善恶平衡并且有助于培养自制力。

关键词：精神分析 本我 自我 超我

1 Introduction
The idea of psychoanalysis first started to receive serious attention under Sigmund Freud. With the theory’s development, it has been popularly used in the literary texts. When analyzing literary texts, the psychoanalytic theory could be utilized to decipher or interpret the concealed meaning within a text, or to better understand the author’s intensions. Freud’s theory can be used to help clarify the meaning of the writing as well as the actions of the characters within the text. This essay will tell the key to help to balance the id, the ego and the superego.