Abstract

    Published in 1850, The Scarlet Letter is considered Nathaniel Hawthrone’s most famous novel and the masterpiece of American romanticism. Hawthrone’s humane care, the spiritual and religious faith are reflected in the novel.
The Scarlet letter tells the story of a tragic figure, Hester Prynne, who suffers at the Puritan society in which she lives. This thesis will be dedicated to analyzing the main characters from the perspective of eco-feminism, which is a new literary critical technique in the 1980s.
    This thesis will explore the eco-feminist thought reflected in the novel from two aspects. Firstly, it will analyze the relationship between Hester Prynne and nature. Second, the relationship between Hester Prynne and male will be studied. Last, it will analyze the reasons for Hester’s tragic fate, which includes moral situation, Hester’s characteristics and the social environment.
From the above study, it can be concluded that Hawthorne’s novel has reflected the thoughts of eco-feminism. Women’s difficulties can only be solved by establishing a harmonious relationship between people and nature and equal coexistence between men and women.

Key Words: Hester Prynne  nature  patriarchy  eco-feminism

摘 要

1850年出版的《红字》是美国作家霍桑最著名的小说，同时也是美国杰出的浪漫主义作品。在红字中折现出作者的人文主义关怀、精神思想和宗教信仰等。
《红字》讲述了一个遭受清教社会迫害的悲剧性人物海丝特.白兰的故事。文章将从生态女性主义的角度分析小说中的主要人物.
本文围绕着三个方面来探索生态女性主义在红字中的体现。着眼于描写海丝特.白兰同自然和男人之间的关系以及她悲剧命运的成因的分析。例如，道德，性格以及时代社会因素等。
本文运用生态女性主义的思想来分析霍桑的《红字》， 并倡导建立一个人与自然，男性与女性和谐共处的理想世界。

关键词：海丝特.白兰 自然 父权制 生态女性主义

1 Introduction

Nowadays, the disharmony between man and nature and the inequality between male and female can still be seen. Hawthorne presents such a phenomenon in his novel, The Scarlet Letter, which describes the relationship between man and nature, male and female in New England at that time. In this part, significance of the study and organization of the thesis will be presented.