Abstract

Oliver Twist is a novel written by Charles Dickens in 1938 and it is an important social novel and described an orphan’s life. Author established the tendency of critical realism through this novel. Humanistic Psychology arose in 50s and 60s of the 20th century and it is different from the past theory of Psychology and it puts the emphasis on that human nature is good. This research analyzed Oliver’s characters by using the theory of Humanistic psychology. First, this paper introduced the author and his works, and then, the paper analyzed Oliver’s characters of the novel with the partial theory of Humanistic psychology. Finally the research reached the conclusion that human is born of kindness which is an important part in the characters of human beings.

Key words: Oliver Twist  Oliver  Humanistic psychology  characters  kindness

摘 要

    《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯于1938年出版的一部描写孤儿生活的十分重要的社会小说，它首次确立了作者的批判现实主义的倾向。人本主义心理学起源于十九世纪的50到60年代，它不同于原本的心理学，侧重于人性本善方面。本研究从人本主义心理学的角度分析了奥列弗的性格特征，首先对作者狄更斯以及他的作品《雾都孤儿》以及写作背景进行了介绍和简要分析，接下来介绍了相关人本主义心理学理论，然后从人物以及文中的情节分析了奥列弗的性格特征，最后得出“人性本善”的结论，希望以此为当今社会带来启示意义。

关键词：雾都孤儿 奥列弗 人本主义心理学 性格 善良

1 Introduction
Charles Dickens is a critical realism writer in England in the 19th century. He created 15 long novels, dozens of long novels and hundreds of short novels. Besides, his novels lively showed the social truth of the England in the mid-nineteenth century and described the Victorian era of British social life. What’s more, Dickens created the new era of critical realism. Besides, the novel Oliver Twist first showed his critical realism. And in the novel, he created the character Oliver so as to describe the power of kindness.
1.1 Introduction of the Author
Charles Dickens was born at Portsmouth in 1812. His father was a clerk in a Navy Pay Office. His grandparents were servants at an aristocrat’s house. John Dickens, his father, though a kindhearted man did not know how to take care of his financial situation and always ran into pecuniary trouble.