Abstract

Emma is one of Jane Austen’s works about female growth in the British literary history. Emma is a character who is self-centered with so many shortcomings, and became a mature woman and often considered about others after her personalities reformation. Based on the researches at home and broad, this study has analyzed Emma’s experience in the process of her growth and discussed the flaws of her personality and causes of her flaws and the process of her reformation from naivety to maturity. This paper adopted Freud’s psychoanalytic theory to analyze Emma’s personality and behaviors so as to seek for the inspiration of life for teenagers, especially females of realistic society like Emma. If they want to be a mature woman, they need to perfect themselves. It is also a trial to allow readers to have a further understanding of the vivid character of Emma in the novel.

Key Words: Emma  personality  reformation  female  maturity

摘  要

《爱玛》是简•奥斯丁的一部典型的女性成长小说，讲述了爱玛的性格特点。 爱玛是一个以自我为中心且有很多缺点的人,随着成长学会了为别人考虑。当爱玛做错事的时候，能够进行自我反思的成熟女性。基于国、内外研究的基础，本文通过对爱玛在成长中所经历的一系列事情进行了简析，对爱玛性格中的缺陷进行了探讨，寻找出形成这些缺陷的原因，以及从幼稚走向成熟的原因。本文从弗洛伊德的精神分析理论的视角，分析了爱玛的性格和行为。研究启发现实生活中像爱玛一样为数不少的女性青少年们，如果要成长为成熟的女性就需要逐步完善自己的性格，同时试图让读者对爱玛这一人物形象有进一步的认识。

关键词：爱玛 性格 转变 女性 成熟

1 Introduction
    Emma is a typical female character from Jane Austen’s novel. In the novel, Emma was a smart girl, but she showed lots of personality flaws, she suffered so many things and caused a lot of misunderstandings, at the same time, her mentality also suffered setbacks. While she realized her mistakes gradually, and began to think about her behavior, at last, she became mature in her thought and personality. Meanwhile, the process of Emma’s growth is also a reflection of many young females in the realistic life nowadays.