Abstract and Key Words

Abstract: One Hundred Years of Solitude is a description of lonely hearts and also a history of struggling against loneliness. In the Boone Tia family’s process of continuously exchange, fusion and struggle with the outside world, they changed from fear, alarm to curiosity and desire for the outside world in the end. They lost their independence, and fell into a even more terrible spiritual loneliness when they got out of the living environment. However, the 11 women in the family were still filled with longitude for love and pursuit, and showing surprising calmness. They were diligent, brave and charming, or stubborn, innocent and romantic. While the circumstance all around them were filled with hypocrisy, lies, violence and promiscuity, they did not give up their way of life, or give up love. They kept resisting this male dominant world which is full of ignorance, fatuity and violence.

Key words: One Hundred Years of Solitude; female characters; decline

摘要：《百年孤独》是一部描写孤独、与孤独相抗争的心灵史。在布恩地亚家族与外界不断交流、融合、斗争的过程中，他们对外界由开始时的恐惧、警惕到好奇与渴望； 在与外界先进文明摩擦的进程中，他们又丧失了自己的独立性。然而，家族中的11 位女性却充满着对爱的渴望与追求，表现出了惊人的沉着。她们或勤劳勇敢、或风情万种、或纯情浪漫。虽然在她们周围到处都充斥着虚伪、谎言、暴力、滥情，然而她们并没有因此放弃自己的生活方式，放弃对爱的坚守，顽强地反抗着这个充满愚昧、暴力的男权世界。

关键词：百年孤独；女性形象；衰落

1. Introduction
One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) is the story of seven generations of the Buendía Family in the town of Macondo. The founding patriarch of Macondo, José Arcadio Buendía, and Úrsula, his wife (and first cousin), leave Riohacha, Colombia, to find a better life and a new home. One night of their emigration journey, whilst camping on a riverbank, José Arcadio Buendía dreams of “Macondo”, a city of mirrors that reflected the world in and about it. Upon awakening, he decides to found Macondo at the river side; after days of wandering the jungle, José Arcadio Buendía’s founding of Macondo is utopic.
Founding patriarch José Arcadio Buendía believes Macondo to be surrounded by water, and from that island, he invents the world according to his perceptions.Soon after its foundation, Macondo becomes a town frequented by unusual and extraordinary events that involve the generations of the Buendía family, who are unable or unwilling to escape their periodic (mostly) self-inflicted misfortunes. Ultimately, a hurricane destroys Macondo, the city of mirrors; just the cyclical turmoil inherent to Macondo. At story’s end, a Buendía man deciphers an encrypted cipher that generations of Buendía family men had failed to decipher. The secret message informed the recipient of every fortune and misfortune lived by the Buendía Family generations.