Abstract and Key Words

Abstract: Hemingway is a great language master whose works deserve deep research for                   its unique charming style. He is regarded as one of the giants in the world literature with a distinct style of his own.  This article aims to make a brief introduction to his iceberg principle and explore the reflection and significance of his iceberg principle in three of his works : The Hills like White Elephants; The Old Man and the Sea；A Farewell to Arms. The main features of the Iceberg Principle are simple words, lucid sentences, clear plots with few modifiers and vivid settings.

Key words: Hemingway; Iceberg Principle; word; setting; plot

摘要：海明威，作为一位语言大师，他的作品中的独一无二的魅力及真谛值得我们深究。他以其特有的写作风格被认为是世界文学史上的巨人之一。本文将简明介绍海明威的”冰山理论”及冰山理论在其三部作品（《白象似的群山》；《老人与海》；《永别了，武器》）中的体现及意义。冰山理论主要的特点体现在简单的语言，简明的句子，清晰而又少有修饰的情节以及生动的场景。

关键词：海明威；冰山理论；语言；场景；情节

1. Introduction
1.1 Earnest Hemingway
    Earnest Miller Hemingway was born in a prosperous Chicago, suburb, Oak Park, Illinois, on July 21st 1899, who was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. The whole life of Hemingway is full of legend. In his childhood, he likes hunting, fishing, and physical endurance. He was very brave, and was sure of himself. He regarded his life as a kind of “arena” in which men should use their courage, endurance and will as weapons. Hemingway was “blown up” in the World War I , and he went to many places to take a risk. All these gave him much help to finish his great novels. Hemingway could turn his own failures, his own fears into an art which is both significant and true. He is self confident but sometimes he is self important. His novels are true to life. He was part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris, as well as the veterans of World War I later known as "the Lost Generation", as described in his posthumous memoir A Moveable Feast. ("'That's what you are. That's what you all are,' Miss Stein said. 'All of you young people who served in the war. You are a lost generation.'" Stein had overheard a garage owner use the phrase to criticize a mechanic.) He received the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 for The Old Man and the Sea and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. However, in the morning of July 2nd, 1961, he gave up his life beside his beloved gun rack of his favorite shotgun, in his own hand. During his whole life, he has written 16 pieces of works which are great cultural heritage for all our human beings. Hemingway's distinctive writing style is characterized by economy and understatement, in contrast to the style of his literary rival William Faulkner. It had a significant influence on the development of twentieth-century fiction writing. His protagonists are typically stoic men who exhibit an ideal described as "grace under pressure." Many of his works are now considered canonical in American literature.