Abstract

William Wordsworth as the pioneer of English romantic poetry opened up a generation of new style of poetry . Poetry, therefore, is no longer created to praise heroism or worship gods as its purposes, but used to express the poet’s own feelings. In the triad of the great crisis-lyrics of Wordsworth’s poems (“Tintern Abbey”, “Ode on Intimations of Immortality”, and “Resolution and Independence”), the poet himself was confronted with his own emotional crisis (individual human suffering experience), and then attempted to solve the crisis or try to find an answer. And in the process of his problem-solving, his thoughts change in a mean time. This dissertation will analyse the crisis mode and the ways he solves his crisis in “Tintern Abbey”, “Ode on Intimations of Immortality”, and “Resolution and Independence”.

KEYWORDS:William Wordsworth’s poetry; the triad of the great crisis-lyrics; the crisis mode

摘 要

威廉•华兹华斯作为英国浪漫主义诗歌的先驱，开创了一代诗歌的先河。诗歌不再为崇拜英雄，讴歌神明等目的服务，而是用于表达诗人自己的情感。在华兹华斯的危机三部曲（《丁登寺》、《不朽颂》和《决心与自立》）中，诗人在遭遇自身情感危机（个人的人类苦难）时试图自我解决这种危机。在解决危机的过程中，他的思想也随之变化。本文旨在分析探索在《丁登寺》、《不朽颂》和《决心与自立》中的这种危机模式及其解决危机的策略。

关键词:威廉˙华兹华斯诗歌；危机三部曲；危机模式

1.    Introduction
Romanticism (or the Romantic Era) was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution. In part, it was a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. Following the common usage of historian of English literature, we will denote by the “Romantic period” the span between the year 1798, in which Wordsworth and Coleridge published their Lyrical Ballads, and the year 1832, when Sir Walter Scott died.
No writer in Wordsworth’s lifetime thought of himself as a “Romantic”, or as sharing an essential literary quality with all his important contemporaries; the word “Romantic” was not applied until half a century later by English historians.It was William Wordsworth who declared his rebellion against the classicism in poetry. In a reversal of earlier aesthetic theory, he thus located the source of poetry not in the outer world, but in the individual poet, and identified as its essential material not men and their actions, but the fluid feelings of the writer himself as he claimed in the Preface to the second edition of Lyrical Ballads in 1800 that “For all good poetry is spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings;” “it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.”