摘要

奥斯卡•王尔德是英国唯美主义艺术运动的倡导者，著名的作家、诗人、戏剧家、艺术家。王尔德主要的风俗喜剧有4部：《认真的重要性》、《理想丈夫》、《温夫人的扇子》和《微不足道的女人》。
虽然很多人认为他的作品都是从艺术出发而追求唯美，但事实上，在其看似荒诞的言语中体现了他一定的家庭道德观。本文将首先对《认真的重要性》作一个介绍；紧接着研究一些前人的相关研究；然后从三个方面出发分析其中的家庭道德观。这三个方面分别是：婚姻家庭道德观、夫妻家庭道德观以及父母与子女间的家庭道德观。最后总结全文。
通过对资产阶级的辛辣讽刺，王尔德道出了其理想的家庭道德观。本文得出除了一般的家庭道德外，王尔德更加强调：第一，婚姻是神圣的，需要责任感。第二，结婚的前提不是金钱、社会地位等物质性的东西，而是爱情、相互理解等等；第三，夫妻之间应该相互理解，对彼此忠诚并且用宽恕的心对待彼此；第四，父母应该给子女营造一个良好的成长环境，给予他们理解与信任，与此同时，子女应该信任和理解父母。

关键词：家庭道德观, 相互理解, 认真, 婚姻

ABSTRACT

Oscar Wilde is one of the most famous aestheticism writers in Britain. He wins fame worldwide for his works, especially the comedy, The Importance of Being Earnest. Although many think his works is for art out of seeking aestheticism, there are actually some family ethics in it.
This paper will first give a brief introduction of The Importance of Being Earnest. Then it gives the literature review. Next there will be roughly three parts to analyze the family ethics in it from three aspects: family ethics of marriage, family ethics of wife and husband, family ethics of parents and children. Finally, it concludes that through satirizing the middle class, Oscar Wilde gives some ideas of his ideal family. Apart from the universal family ethics for human beings, Wilde pays more attention to four aspects. Firstly, he insists that marriage is divine and needs responsibility. Secondly, the prerequisites to be married are love, mutual understanding, etc. rather than money, social status and so on. Thirdly, with regard to couples, there should be faithfulness, mutual understanding and forgiveness to have a pleasant life. In addition, parents should make a good environment for children’s growth. Mutual understanding and honesty are indispensable between parents and children.

Key words: family ethics, mutual understanding, earnestness, marriage

1  Introduction
Oscar Wilde has been considered as England’s greatest dramatist of the late 19th century. He was the chief proponent of the Aesthetic Movement, based on the principle of art for art’s sake. His most distinctive and engaging plays are the four comedies, Lady Windermere’s Fan, A Woman of No Importance, An Ideal Husband, and The Importance of Being Earnest, All of which are characterized by adroitly contrived plots and remarkably witty dialogues. Wilde, with little dramatic training, proved himself a natural talent for stagecraft and theatrical effects, and a true gift for farce. He has always been the focus of the critical studies, particularly in comedy. According to a survey in 1990s, over 500 books have been published, while over 700 doctorial dissertations have been completed.