摘 要

象征在海明威的代表作《永别了，武器》中起到了至关重要的作用，它几乎出现在了作品中对景物的每一次描写中。本篇论文着重讨论海明威在《永别了，武器》当中对于象征的运用手法，主要体现在作品对人物内心世界及外在环境和宗教的描写上。本文主要包含五个部分。
第一部分对作者、作品进行简单的介绍以及对于象征在小说中运用的研究目的。
第二部分是前人对《永别了，武器》正负两方面的评价的简单回顾。
第三部分分析了作品当中象征在描写自然、动物和男女主人公的文笔中的运用以及与之遥相呼应的《圣经》中的形象。
第四部分是文章的结论部分。海明威大量的象征运用对于丰富小说主题具有很大贡献，使得小说的容量和内容得以增大，同时也很大程度上影响了小说中的人物塑造，并且它提供给我们一个更好地了解作者的途径，毫无疑问本小说如此受欢迎和它的影响力之大这些事实是和海明威丰富的象征运用紧密联系在一起的。

关键词：海明威，象征，自然，动物，圣经

Abstract

Hemingway’s use of symbols plays a very important role in his masterpiece A Farewell to Arms, and it is very apparent in the description of every part of the novel. The thesis mainly focuses on Hemingway’s use of symbols. Symbols in A Farewell to Arms tend to used from the character’s internal world, the description of external nature and religion. There are four parts in this thesis. Part One is a brief introduction to the author, the novel and the purpose of the study. Part Two are some comments on the use of symbols in A Farewell to Arms by readers and experts. Part Three is a comparatively exhaustive analysis of Hemingway’s use of symbols taken from the character’s internal world, the description of the mountain, plain, rain and animals. The various symbols from nature not only intensify the cruelty of natural laws, but also foreshadow the fate of the main characters. At the same time, Bible and Christianity play a very necessary element in this novel, when we associate the main characters with the Bible and Christianity background, we can have a better understanding of the themes and the social significance of the novel. Part Four is the conclusion of this thesis, through the analysis of Hemingway’s use of symbols, there is no doubt that symbols make a great contribution to rich the theme and promote the novel so popular and influential all over the world.

Key words: Hemingway, symbol, nature, animal, Bible

1  Introduction
1.1 Brief introduction to the author and the novel
Earnest Hemingway was born in 1898 at Oak Park, Illinois. In World WarⅠ, he joined an American ambulance unit, was seriously wounded but fascinated by the war. War and death later comprise a major part of his subject matter.