摘要

海明威是20世纪最伟大最具影响力的小说家之一。他的“冰山理论”是他文学创作的主要原则，也正是“冰山理论”引发了美国文学史上的一场革命，对后世小说家有着深远的影响。他的文章以简洁凝练的风格著称，看似平淡无味的文字却正如漂浮在水面上的八分之一的冰山一样，下面蕴藏着那八分之七的异常丰富的内涵和深刻主题。而《一个干净明亮的地方》正是这样典型的一篇小说。然而，国内外对“冰山理论”的分析大多以《白象似的群山》为例，针对《一个干净明亮的地方》进行研究的文献较少，又因这两篇文章在各方面有很多的相似之处，因而，本文引入类比分析的手段进行研究。
本文采取理论分析与案例研究相结合，加之运用类比分析的方法来研究海明威的“冰山理论”在《一个干净明亮的地方》中的应用。首先，本文具体阐述了海明威的“冰山理论”的概念与作用。其次本文选取了“冰山理论”应用的几个方面，采取类比分析的方法，从前人对《白象似的群山》中“冰山理论”的应用得出相应结论，进而将此结论放到对《一个干净明亮的地方》中“冰山理论”的分析上。其中，本文选取的几个方面分别为“冰山理论”在人物对话中的应用，在象征手法上的应用，在小说结构上的应用。通过这几方面来阐述海明威的“冰山理论”在《一个干净明亮的地方》中的应用。
本文不仅是对国际上研究海明威“冰山理论”的文献的补充，也帮助读者加深了对海明威的《一个干净明亮的地方》一文主题的理解。

关键词：海明威，冰山理论，一个干净明亮的地方，类比分析

Abstract

Hemingway is one of the most influential writers in 20th century. His main principle of literature creation is the iceberg theory, which caused a revolution in American literature, having a deep influence on writers in the following generations. His works is famous for conciseness. The seemingly simple and ordinary language like the one-eighth iceberg above the water implies abundant meanings and incisive themes. “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place” is a case in point. However, most of international and domestic studies exemplify iceberg theory with “Hills like White Elephants”, and studies on “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place” account for a small part. In addition, there are many similarities between the two short stories. Therefore, this thesis employs the method of analogy analysis to develop the research.
The thesis makes use of theory analysis and case study, and employs analogy analysis to study the application of iceberg theory in “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”. First of all, this thesis gives an introduction to the concept and function of iceberg theory. Then, it selects several perspectives of the application of iceberg theory to begin the study of analogy analysis. It draws conclusion from the previous studies in the application of iceberg theory in “Hills like White Elephants” as the theory foundation, which can be used in the application of iceberg theory in “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”. In addition, the several perspectives the thesis selects are dialogue, symbolism and structure, which used to illustrate the application of iceberg theory in “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”.
The result of this thesis will be a supplement to the literature on the study of Hemingway’s iceberg theory and be able to provide some reference for readers to deepen the understanding of “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”.

Key words: Hemingway, iceberg theory, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, analogy analysis