摘  要

舍伍德•安德森被福克纳誉为“我们这一代美国作家之父”，在美国文学史上是一位承前启后的作家。他在作品中塑造了众多的女性形象，其中有16篇小说和7本书是直接以女性人物为主角。他对女性人物浓墨重彩的描写贯穿始终，深刻地描绘了20世纪初美国中西部女性所遭受的无法表达的痛苦和挫折，并无时不表现出对女性的深切同情和密切关注。他的短篇小说《林中之死》作为美国文学中第一部探讨女性命运的短篇小说，以写实的手法，将主人公格雷姆夫人悲剧性的生命结束的过程涂上一层令人感到震撼的原始色彩和寓意。也让我们从中体会到舍伍德•安德森的女性主义意识。本文通过对安德森作品《林中之死》的解读，从分析安德森作品传统女性形象格雷姆夫人入手，从女性主义的角度,主要包括女性的状况，女性的自我存在，女性的安全保证，女性的自我意识与独立，女性的话语权及女性组织等方面，深刻诠释出女主人公格雷姆夫人绝望、凄惨的形象的深层次的原因是在工业文明之下女性的地位和作用不被社会承认，女性的各种基本权利无法得到保障，揭示出舍伍德•安德森的女性主义意识和他对女性的又是同情又无法摆脱作为男性作家历史局限的矛盾态度。

关键词：女性主义，女性意识，林中之死，悲剧，安德森 

Abstract

Sherwood Anderson, whom William Faulkner regarded as “the father of American writers of our generation”, is a transitional figure in American literary history. His works shaped the images of many women, including sixteen novels and seven books with female as the leading characters. These works, with his constant focus on female characters, describe the inexpressible pain and frustration of the Midwest women in the early 20th century America, and show express, and show great concern for and deep sympathy with those women. His “Death in the Woods” is the first short story of American literature to study the fate of women in a realistic way. The process of the death of the heroine Mrs. Grimes is realistically crude and shocking. A feminist analysis of the traditional female figure of Mrs. Grimes from the status, self-existence, guarantee of safety, self-consciousness and independence, right of discourse, as well as organizations of females demonstrates the broader background and deeper causes of the despair and wretchedness of Mrs. Grimes, and reveals Sherwood Anderson’s feminist consciousness and his ambivalent attitude that towards women.

Key words： Feminism, Self-consciousness, Death in Woods, Tragedy, Anderson

1  Introduction                                                   
1.1 The Background of Sherwood Anderson 
Sherwood Anderson (September 13, 1876 – March 8, 1941) was an American writer, mainly of short stories, most notably the collection Winesburg, Ohio. That work's influence on American fiction was profound, and its literary voice can be heard in Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Thomas Wolfe, John Steinbeck, Erskine Caldwell and others.
Anderson was born in Camden, Ohio, the third of seven children of Erwin M. and Emma S. Anderson. After Erwin’s business failed, the family was forced to move frequently, finally settling down at Clyde, Ohio, in 1884. Family difficulties led Erwin to begin drinking heavily; he died in 1895. Partly as a result of these misfortunes, young Sherwood found various odd jobs to help his family, which earned him the nickname “Jobby”. He left school at age 14.