摘要

在威廉•福克纳的作品体系中，理想与现实的冲突是反复出现的主题，其对于理解他对南方文化乃至美国文化的整体认识有重要作用。《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是威廉•福克纳的著名短篇小说，向来以内涵丰富深受评论家的关注。中外学者对《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》这本小说进行了孜孜不倦的研究并且进行了各方面的解读。学者们对主题分析、创作手法、人物塑造、时空观和心理研究等几个方面进行了集中研究，小说中的意识流技巧、叙事结构模式和哥特式风格也引起了学术界重视。
论文将使用人物分析方法，着重分析作品中人物悲剧命运背后的理想与现实的冲突。在对当时的社会现实的深刻研究基础上，通过对故事中各位角色进行剖析，揭示他们的理想诉求与残酷现实的激烈冲突，展示出一个动乱与迷茫的南方；通过分析他们与艾米丽亲密的关系，指出艾米丽的悲剧是南北双方不同的文化冲突造成的。

关键词：艾米丽，玫瑰，理想与现实，冲突，南方

Abstract

In the literary oeuvre of William Faulkner, the conflict between dreams and reality is a frequently recurring theme. It is of great importance in our understanding of Faulkner’s overall view of Southern culture, even the culture of the whole country. “A Rose for Emily” is one of Faulkner’s most famous short stories. The work has captured many scholars’ attention for its abundant meanings and numerous researches have been done on it. They mostly focused on the theme analysis, writing techniques, narration style, Gothic atmosphere, characterization, spatio-temporal view and psychological research.
This study will begin with analyzing the characters and emphasize the conflicts between characters’ dreams and reality. On the basis of research of social reality, it will point out the fierce conflicts between dreams and reality and the furious clash between pursuit and actuality to present the reader with the picture of a chaotic South. By analyzing these conflicts, the essay argues that Emily’s tragedy is caused by the conflict between the old south and the new north.

Key words: Emily, rose, conflict, dreams and reality, south

1.  Introduction
William Faulkner is widely considered to be one of the greatest American authors of the twentieth century. His most famous and greatest works are identified with a particular region and time (Mississippi in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries). His most famous novel The Sound and the Fury captures a lot of attention. His short stories are also conspicuous, including “A Rose for Emily.”