摘要

查尔斯•约翰•赫芬姆•狄更斯（1812年2月7日－1870年6月9日）是英国维多利亚时期的著名小说家。他的作品一直以来对英国文学发展有深远影响，至今依然盛行。由于狄更斯本人对散文的精通和其独树一帜的个人风格，他的作品赢得了包括乔治•吉辛，列夫•托尔斯泰，吉尔伯特•凯特•齐斯特顿等在内的众多作家的高度赞誉。《大卫•科波菲尔》一书于1850年首度作为小说出现在读者面前。其中许多元素都是根据作者狄更斯自身的经历改编而来，可以算是他最为自传性质的一本小说。在1867年发行的版本的序言中，狄更斯写道：“正如许多溺爱的父母一样，在我心底深处有一个孩子最为我宠爱，他的名字就叫大卫•科波菲尔。”整本小说讲述了大卫•科波菲尔从童年到成年的种种生活经历。全书几乎都是以主人公大卫•科波菲尔的视角出发，以第一人称进行叙说。该小说被视为是一本自我教育性的小说，它对其后的文学体裁都有着十分重要的影响。
本篇论文主要分为三个部分。从文本着手，通过分析主人公大卫•科波菲尔与几位主要人物尤其是与两位女主角朵拉、艾妮斯之间的情感联系，从而解析大卫成长中的情感波折。第一部分主要着力于分析主人公大卫•科波菲尔与小说中两位重要女性朵拉和艾妮斯之间的情感交集，以此分析她们对大卫成长过程中的决定性影响。第二部分提出了大卫成长历程中的二个重要阶段，分别是他的挫败、彷徨，以及他所展现出的成熟、博爱。以此为基点，更深入地解析主人公大卫•科波菲尔逐步迈向成熟的情感成长历程。
与作者查尔斯•狄更斯早起的许多作品不同，《大卫•科波菲尔》并不是他仅仅凭借灵感信笔挥洒的即兴创作。为了更细腻地了解并掌握其庞大的艺术魅力，本篇论文将要着眼于对主人公大卫的性格及其情感脉络的分析。与此同时，也希望更多的读者们能够借由这一分析对主人公大卫建立一个更为清晰、理性的理解。

关键词：大卫•科波菲尔，情感波折，阶段，挫败，成熟
 
Abstract

Charles John Huffam Dickens (7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was the most popular English novelist of the Victorian era and he remains popular, responsible for some of English literature’s most ironic characters. His work has been praised for its mastery of prose and unique personalities by writers such as George Gissing, Leo Tolstoy and G. K. Chesterton. David Copperfield is first published as a novel in 1850. Many elements within the novel follow events in Dickens’ own life, and it is probably the most autobiographical of all of his novels. The story tells the life of David Copperfield from childhood to maturity. It is told almost entirely from the point of view of the first person narrator, David Copperfield himself. David Copperfield is considered a novel of self-cultivation, and would be influential in the genre.
This thesis mainly analyzes the emotional connection between several main characters, especially two female characters, Dora and Agnes, and the hero, David Copperfield and explains the contradiction of emotional fiber of growing David Copperfield. The first part will mainly focus on the relationships between David and Dora, David and Agnes, with the view to illustrate the great influence that David gained from the two female, Dora and Agnes. The second part will demonstrate two obvious stages of David Copperfield during different periods of his life, which are frustration and maturity. It will then further explain the connection of this two stages and the cause of David’s character development.
In order to probe into the large and inclusive order of art in Charles Dickens’ David Copperfield, this thesis intends to focus on the analysis of the characteristics and emotional clues of the hero and this analysis may serve as a new means for readers to have a clear understanding of the hero.

Key words: David Copperfield, contradiction of emotional fiber, stages, frustration, maturity