摘要

美国现代女作家玛格丽特•米切尔著的长篇通俗小说《飘》发表六十多年来,一直深受广大读者的欢迎。小说所树造的女主人公斯嘉丽是一位极具女性主义色彩的光辉形象。她敢于反叛传统，冲出“男尊女卑”传统偏见的藩篱；敢于走出家庭，投身于“男权”世界为争取女性经济上和人格上的独立而奋斗。作者在刻画这一女性形象时, 把她投放到美国南北战争和战后重建时期的广阔社会背景上, 多方面地展现了她在爱情生活、战争生活、经济生活和家庭生活中的性情仪态, 展示出她那曲折多变的心路历程和精神世界, 给人们塑造了一个敢于直面人生、不甘平庸、执著追求自我存在价值的女性形象。
斯嘉丽敢于反叛传统，勇敢追求女性自由、平等权利的女性主义意识，是小说所展现的最大亮点之一。关于斯嘉丽女性主义意识的文章并不少，散见于各报刊杂志甚至专著，但这些文章往往流于零散地描述斯嘉丽女性主义意识在小说当中的一些体现，而没有重点结合小说所树造的“战争”背景，因为它在斯嘉丽女性主义意识的成长历程中具有重要作用。
本论文的目的在于通过分析斯嘉丽在战前、战中、战后三个不同阶段的生活和愈演愈烈的“反传统”行为来探讨斯嘉丽的女性主义意识是如何慢慢发展和树立起来的，从而得出结论：是战争造就了斯嘉丽强烈的女性主义意识。因为战争，斯嘉丽原本无忧无虑的快乐生活瞬间发生了翻天覆地的变化，她从一个极端自私、任性的女孩变成了一个敢于直面残酷现实生活的成熟女人；同时也正是因为在战争前、中、后所面临的不同生活遭遇才慢慢地塑造了斯嘉丽的女性主义意识。

关键词：斯嘉丽，女性主义意识，战争，反传统

Abstract

In the sixty years after its publication, modern American writer Margaret Mitchell’s novel Gone with the Wind has always been popular among readers worldwide. The heroine Scarlett is a brilliant character with strong feminist consciousness. She is brave enough to break away from the tradition of “male-superiority” prejudice; enter the male-dominated world and fight for women’s independence in economy and personality. The writer puts the heroine in the social background of American Civil War and postbellum reconstruction and demonstrates her manners and disposition in many aspects, such as her life in love, war, economy and family. Through depicting her flexible mentality and spiritual world, Mitchell presents to us an impressive female image who always bravely meets life, is dissatisfied with mediocrity and persistently pursues self-value.
Scarlett’s bravery to rebel against tradition, and her pursuit of female freedom and equal rights are the highlights in the novel. It is not difficult to find articles on Scarlett’s feminist consciousness, scattered in various newspapers, magazines and even monographs, but these articles usually focus on loosely describing some of the reflection of Scarlett’s feminist consciousness in the novel, rather than combining it with the background of war, which has played an important role in shaping Scarlett’s feminist consciousness.
This thesis investigates how Scarlett’s feminist consciousness is gradually developed and formed through the analysis of her life and more and more rebellious behaviors in three different stages as the antebellum time, the war time and the postbellum time. As a result, the conclusion is drawn that it is the war that creates Scarlett’s strong feminist consciousness. Because of war, Scarlett’s originally happy life without worry and anxiety meets an instant big change. From an extremely self-willed and obstinate girl, she grows up to be a mature woman, who always bravely confronts the challengeable life. Besides, it is the different life encounters during the antebellum time, the war time and the postbellum time that have gradually shaped Scarlett’s feminist consciousness.

Key words: Scarlett, feminist consciousness, war, anti-tradition