摘要

《麦田守望者》是美国二战后文学的一部重要作品，“垮掉的一代”的代表之作。小说讲述了被学校开除的“问题”少年霍尔顿，混迹于纽约街头一天两夜，遇到一些人一些事，本想离家出走逃到西部去，最后仍回到家中的经历。本文通过分析主人公为什么想要逃避这个压抑的世界以及他是如何最终放弃出逃的心路历程，从而说明他凭自己内心的力量愈合受伤的精神，对生活有了新的认识，在精神上超越了这个社会。本论文共包括三个主要部分。第一部分文献综述，介绍了文学评论家从各个侧面发掘小说的主题和主人公进行的人物分析研究。本文第二部分着重在周围事物对他的影响到他的心理变化基础上，分析他欲逃离与放弃逃离的原因。第三部分重申本文论点，总结第二部分中的重点内容，得出使他发生改变的根本原因是他对这个世界进行了重新审视，内心得到了重生。通过以上的研究分析得出结论，主人公的放弃逃亡的过程代表他内心的成熟与超越盲目大众的姿态，这是一种解决社会的压抑与个人意识冲突的方法。

关键词：垮掉的一代，逃亡，重生，超越

ABSTRACT

The Catcher in the Rye is an important American post war literary work and one of the representative works of “the Beat Generation”. The novel is about expelled troubled teenager Holden Caulfield’s wanderings in New York for one day and two nights, meeting some people and incidents. He intends to flee to the west but still chooses to go home in the end. Through analyzing Holden’s psychological process of his failed escape, this thesis argues that Holden’s inner forces help him to regenerate. He transcends the society he disgusts and has different views on life. This thesis contains three parts. The first part is the literature review, from which we have a general understanding of studies on the novel’s theme and Holden’s character which respectively concentrate on different aspect of his changing. In the second part, basing on his surroundings, the author of the present paper analyzes the reasons for Holden’s deciding to escape and failing it. The last part is a conclusion to restate the thesis that Holden’s failure of escape is because of his reconsideration on this world and he gets his inner world recovered. Based on above studies, it is concluded that the process of his giving up evasion gives rise to him a gesture of maturity and transcendence. Holden’s spiritual experience is supposed to be an option for individual to alleviate the stress from the society.

Key words: the Beat Generation, escape, regeneration, transcendence