摘要

查尔斯• 狄更斯一直被视为最伟大的19世纪英国作家公认的伟大的批判现实的作家，许多人谈论他对现实的批评，而较少有人谈及他的高度评价人性和仁慈。他也是一个人道主义的大师。正如在《雾都孤儿》中，我们不只看到英国的慈善机构在当时的黑暗，但也看到狄更斯的作品对人性归宿的思考。通过这部小说中通过不同的人物，狄更斯想告诉我们，善必将战胜邪恶，而人性最终的归宿也是善。狄更斯用优美的语言，扣人心弦的情节，含蓄的意象象征，中充满个性的描写等创作技巧, 思索着人性问题。他通过了运用爱的力量，批判了人性中黑暗的一面，讴歌光明的一面。本文通过善者与恶者的结局对比再次宣扬了善的观点。狄更斯的成功，是人性中仁爱的胜利，也是人道主义思想的胜利。

关键词：狄更斯，《雾都孤儿》，人道主义思想，人性

Abstract

Charles Dickens has been recognized as the greatest critical writer in the 19th century in Britain, many people talk about his criticism of the reality, while few people notices his speaking highly of the humanity and benevolence. He was also a master of humanitarian. Just as in the Oliver Twist, we can not only see the darkness of charities in Britain at that time, but also Dickens’s work of the end-result of human nature. Through analyzing various characters in this novel, this thesis has discovered that Dickens wants to tell us that goodness will win over evil and goodness is the basic nature of human being. Dickens studies the problem of human nature with beautiful language, the exciting plot, subtle symbolic imagery, personality description, creative skills make Oliver Twist a work of brilliance of goodness in humankind. He adopted the use of the power of love, criticizes of the dark side of human nature and eulogizes the bright side of goodness. Through comparing the outcome of evil with good, this thesis promotes good idea Dickens's success is the victory of love in human nature, but also the victory of humanitarianism.

Keywords: Dickens，Oliver Twist，humanitarianism，goodness, evil.

1  Introduction
1.1 Charles Dickens and his works
Charles Dickens (1812-1870) was the greatest 19th century British writer critical realism. In the time of Charles Dickens, the English society had been experiencing great changes in politics and economy. As a result of the English industrialization, the material wealth increased significantly. Meanwhile, the traditional social structure, culture, and ethics morals were fundamentally destroyed. Furthermore, the darkness and sordidness of the capitalist society were being presented day by day, the rich and the poor were polarized, and the class contradiction was incisive. He wanted to help these poor people and sympathized with them in their misfortune. Until 58-year-old, he has written a lot of stories in his life, including 14 novels and many other short stories and travelogues. His works is welcomed by not only the British people but also the readers around the world. People’ love of his book has never changed with the passage of time. Many scholars analyze his work from the angle of his contribution of criticism, while the enduring vitality of his works lies in the humanitarian spirit through the shaping of personalized characters and the comedic story ending. Therefore Dickens has also known as the humanitarian master.