Abstract

    Mark Twain is a writer of American realism. One of his masterpiece, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a milestone in American literature. It is an initiation story of Huckleberry Finn and also a reveal of American social reality at that time.
     The novel is set in a southern town during the American Civil War. Due to the slavery system, the black were servile having no equal position with the white. Their fates were dominated arbitralily by their white masters. Money became something that everyone pursued as well as the only chip to sustain relationships. Such a reality destroyed Mark Twain's illusion of modern civilization. To some extent, Twain shaped this character Huck to express his emotion in his heart. This thesis makes an attempt to analyse Twain's attitude toward the society and explore the culture significance reflected in the novel through the analysis of emotion.
    This thesis focuses on what to love and hate in the novel through the analysis of the descriptions of Huck's words, actions and psychology and other aspects. This thesis first gives a brief introduction of the author, the significance of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and the structure os this thesis. Then, it analyses two kinds of opposing emotion contained in the novel: Love of freedom through the symbolic meaning of The Mississippi River and Jim's pursuit of freedom; Hatred of the darkness of social reality highlighted by the descriptions of social environment and characters and the inner conflict of Huck. In the conclusive part of this theis, it makes a further effort to reveal the culture significance and the collision in human nature as reflected in the novel.

Key Words: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn  love  hate  freedom  reality

摘要

美国现实主义作家马克•吐温的代表作之一《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》是美国文学史上的里程碑。它是关于哈克贝利成长的小说，同时也是对当时美国社会现实的揭露。
小说的故事发生于美国南北战争时期南方的一个小镇子，在当时的奴隶制度下，黑人奴隶完全没有社会地位，他们的命运被白人主人任意摆布，而且，人人向往追求的金钱已经成为唯一维持社会关系的纽带。这种剥削压迫和金钱至上的黑暗社会现实完全摧毁了马克•吐温对现代文明的幻想。从一定程度上讲，马克•吐温通过塑造哈克这个人物形象，借哈克的言行抒发了其内心情感。通过对《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》这部小说中的情感分析，我们可以了解马克•吐温对美国当时的社会现状的态度从而深刻体会小说所蕴含的社会文化意义。
    本文主要通过对主人公哈克言行、心理以及其他方面的描写的分析，重点关注小说中所蕴含的爱恨情感所蕴含的社会意义。首先对作者，小说的内容、意义以及本文的篇章结构做出简要综述，继而重点分析小说中所蕴含的两种对立的情感：通过密西西比河的象征意义及吉姆对自由的追求阐述的对自由之爱；通过对小说中社会环境及人物描写的分析以及主人公哈克道德与良心的矛盾冲突凸显出的对社会黑暗现实之恨。最后在总结本文内容的基础上，进一步揭示小说所反映的社会文化意义，展现人性深处的善恶碰撞与矛盾交织。

关键词：《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》  爱  恨  自由  现实