Abstract:

Humanism is a central theme of the bourgeoisie’s progressive literature
in the renaissance，and Hamlet is the typical image of humanist. Actually，the world in which he lives is similar to England in Shakespeare’s day. He believes that the world is harmonious and beautiful and man is a kind of great being that is full of virtue and can do something. He is a brave soldier who fights for human liberation. Concurrently，he is a contradiction with unique personality. Also, he develops in the contradiction. However，he is tragic. His tragedy not only comes from the formidable evil force，but also has something to do with his own character shortcomings.
Hamlet’s tragedy is not only the tragedy of the times，but also the tragedy of humanist. This paper tries to probe into humanism and its meaning on Hamlet by analyzing the background, his contradictory character and the revenge tragedy.

Keywords: hamlet；humanism；revenge tragedy; a kind of contradiction

摘  要：

人文主义，是文艺复兴时期资产阶级进步文学的中心思想，而哈姆雷特则是人文主义者的典型形象，他所生活的世界实际上类似于莎士比亚时代的英国。他完全相信世界是和谐美好的，人类是一种善良伟大的生灵，也是有德行，有所作为的。他是一位勇敢的战士，为解放人类光荣战斗的战士。同时，他是一个矛盾体，有着独特的个性，又在矛盾中发展。然而，他是悲剧的，他的悲剧不仅来源于现实罪恶势力的强大，也与他自身性格弱点有不可分割的关系。
哈姆雷特的悲剧不仅是时代的悲剧，更是人文主义者的悲剧。本论文将通过对《哈姆雷特》创作背景，哈姆雷特矛盾的人物性格及他的复仇悲剧的分析来探索在哈姆雷特身上所体现的人文主义思想表现及其意义。

关键词：哈姆雷特；人文主义；复仇悲剧；矛盾个体

1 Introduction
Hamlet is a great work in the renaissance and one of Shakespeare’s four great tragedies. Hamlet is full of tragedy sides. It described a complex world, and also a world with strong self-awareness. It was written in 1601.In Hamlet, this drama included abundant connotations of the time, vivid characters, complicated conflict and varied story, especially Hamlet’s complicated and contradictory character and the deep social background. These made people ponder. The story came up in the medieval time in Denmark. It mainly told Hamlet’s revenge for his father. While it reflected the personal tragedy, it deeply exposed all evils and darkness of the day.