摘要

本文以黑人女性主义为立足点，通过对比莫里森塑造的三组典型黑人女性形象的异同，试图找出《最蓝的眼睛》中黑人女性遭受苦楚的主要原因。通过人物横向对比，可以了解莫里森眼中的黑人女性，探寻她心中对黑人女性的态度；在联系时代背景的前提下，又能形成对莫里森的首部小说的客观公正的评价。通过本文，读者也能够了解到小说在塑造人物上独具的匠心，从而对深入研究以莫里森为代表的美国黑人文学起到积极作用。

关键词：黑人女性主义，佩科拉，黑人社区，痛楚根源

Abstract

This thesis is based on the Black Feminism theory and has compared three typical black female figures portrayed by Toni Morrison. It aims to probe into some main causes of black women’s sufferings in The Bluest Eye which is her first book published. By comparative analysis of these figures, we can form a picture of Morrison’s attitude towards and opinions on black female; meanwhile, being placed in the certain history period, the novel can be evaluated in an objective and honest way. Hopefully, this thesis may also help readers understand the author’s originality and writing techniques, which may trigger readers’ interest in the American black literature.

Key words: Black Feminism, Pecola, black community, causes of suffering

1. Introduction
Toni Morrison, one of the leading writers in America and winner of the Noble Prize for Literature in 1993, illustrates her observation of African Americans’ life through her own unique ability to tell stories which has been described by the Swedish Academy as “who, in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality.” As a black woman, she speaks for the unvoiced black women in a world which undervalues those unspeakable and unheard. “Living in black community since born, she has inherited from her family cultural literacy, especially in literature and music; also she is bathed in the mainstream culture of 1960s and witnesses the conversation about the value and role of art versus the value and role of politics” (Harold Bloom 2007: 12). Those have made it possible for her works to possess poetic, lyrical language and meanwhile strong powerful strength. “[Her] contributions to literature are vast—the characters and places she has created, the situations she has imagined, the moral ambiguities, public pronouncements, private agonies and celebrations she has dramatized—all these make up an oeuvre that is unrivaled in American literature.”