ABSTRACT :

Water Margin is one of the four famous classical novels, which owns much value in language study. The context will analyze the examples of appellation in Shaporia’s version and compare the translation with the original novel on the basis of functional equivalence of Nide to seek the relative equivalence and how to achieve it, which confirms that Shaporia’s translation is related to equivalence.

KEY WORDS:functional equivalence; translation of appellation; Water Margin

摘要：

《水浒传》是中国四大名著之一,具有丰富的语言研究价值。本文通过在奈达对等理论基础上，对沙博里译《水浒传》在称谓翻译方面的例子进行比较及分析，找出译文的相对对等及如何达到对等的方法，证实沙译本在一定基础上其实是实现了功能对等的。

关键词：奈达功能对等；称谓翻译；《水浒传》

1  Introduction
   “Functional equivalence” theory was put forward by American renowned linguist and interpreter — Euguene A Nida. In 1960s, the theory of translation caused a huge impact, and was introduced to our country in earlier time. Therefore, the theory also posed a large influence to Chinese translation and received numerous remarks.
Nida reckons that measuring one translation requires to take the reaction of readers as consideration, and to compare with that of the author. In his Language, Translation and Culture, he defined the “functional equivalence” that readers of target language should apprehend the translation in the perspective of the author. He stressed that the reader of target language gets the feeling of fundamental similarity with the author. The similarity mentioned involved the “proximity，nature and equivalence”.
Moreover, Nida also emphasized that not only the content should be equivalent, but also the format may be peer. In the functional equivalence, “proximity and nature” have an intimate and complex relationship, which in reality reflect the contradiction of “content and format”. If attached much importance to “proximity”, the content will lose the essence of “nature”, then such article will lack aesthetic feeling. Thus in his writings, he analyzed the relationship between the two that contents surpasses formats.