Abstract:

This paper aims to analyze the symbolism in Tess of the D’Urbervilles. On the one hand, among natural symbols, bird symbolizes mood of the heroine and cow is the symbolic spectator of society; white flower expresses Tess’s purity and short-lived happiness while red rose symbolizes Alec’s ugly nature under beautiful appearance; the sun represents the heroine’s situation while fog stands for unknown difficulties. On the other hand, among biblical symbols, Tess is considered as Eve and Jesus in reality; Angel is an incarnation of angels; Alec is as evil as Satan; church symbolizes the unbelievable myth of the d’Urbervilles. In short, symbolism becomes an essential part of the novel and is closely associated with the story of a woman harmed by the nineteenth-century moral standard.

Key words: symbolism; Tess of the D’Urbervilles
 
摘要：

本文旨在分析《德伯家的苔丝》中的象征手法。一方面，自然象征物中鸟象征女主人公的心理变化，而牛象征社会外界的旁观者；洁白的花朵象征她的纯洁以及转瞬即逝的幸福，而红色的玫瑰象征美好外表下的丑陋本性；太阳象征女主人公的处境，而雾象征未知的困难。另一方面，圣经象征物中苔丝被认为是现实中的夏娃和耶稣；安吉尔则是圣经中的天使，善恶参半；阿力克是撒旦的真实写照，奸猾邪恶；教堂则象征着德伯家不可信的荒诞传说。哈代将象征手法运用在小说的各个环节，成为小说必不可少的一部分同时形象生动地塑造出一个深受十九世纪传统道德标准迫害的女性形象。
 
关键词：象征手法;《德伯家的苔丝》
 
1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction to Tess of the D’Urbervilles  
Thomas Hardy was an English novelist and poet in the late 19th century who was outstanding and prolific. He is gifted at describing the characters and environment of his native countryside in novels which are called Wessex Novels such as Under the Greenwood Tree, Far from the Madding Crowd, The Return of the Native, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the D’Urbervilles (1891), Jude the Obscure.