摘 要

艾丽丝•门罗是当代加拿大著名的女作家，2013年诺贝尔文学奖得主。门罗的作品多以城郊小镇女子的平凡生活为主题，将女性生活与自然生态相联系。《逃离》是门罗代表的作品，它使门罗受到读者和文学界的高度评价。在《逃离》一书中，门罗不仅刻画了多位平凡女性由于受到男权社会压迫而选择逃离的形象，并且展示了女性对于文明社会的厌倦与对自然生活的向往之情，这正是生态女性主义思想的体现：男性与女性、文明与自然的二元对立。本文将在解读小说文本的基础上，从生态女性主义角度出发，分析小说中三位代表女性的命运。研究发现，小说中象征自然的女性在象征男权的文明社会中受到他人排挤，遭受男性欺压，最终身心失衡。本文通过深入挖掘小说中的女性命运，旨在揭露父权制对女性与自然的危害。《逃离》中女性悲剧命运的描绘，体现了门罗对于女性命运的深思，反映了她对男性、女性与自然和谐相处的向往之情。

关键词：《逃离》；生态女性主义；男权社会

Abstract

Alice Munro, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2013, is a famous Canadian female writer in contemporary literary world. Most of Munro’s novels are mainly themed with ordinary life of women who live in the towns, which connects the women’s lives with nature. Runaway is one of her successful novels, making Munro highly appreciated by readers and literary circle. In the novel, Munro vividly depicts several ordinary women who choose to escape from their lives, family and themselves owing to the oppression from patriarchal society, and she also indicates women’s boredom to civilized societies and yearning for natural lives. This is the embodiment of Ecofeminism: binary opposition between men and women and that between civilization and nature. Based on the thematic understanding of the novel, this paper attempts to analyze the female fates of three representative women through an ecofeminist interpretation. The study finds that the women who symbolize nature are not welcomed and accepted by the civilized society represented by men. Women suffer the oppression from men, give in to men and finally can not maintain a balance between physical and mental world. This paper tries to prove that patriarchy is harmful to both women and nature by digging deep into the female fates. The portrayal of the tragic fates of women characters implies Alice Munro’s profound thinking for female fates as well as her aspiration for the harmony among men, women and nature.

Key words: Runaway; Ecofeminism; patriarchal society