摘 要
     
诺贝尔文学奖得主威廉•福克纳是美国文学史上最具影响力的作家之一及意识流文学在美国的代表人物。其代表作《喧嚣与愤怒》是一部以悲剧为主题的小说，蕴含着阴郁和悲痛的氛围，这也正是福克纳本人所刻意营造的。该作品以20世纪初美国南方大环境为背景，讲述了在杰弗生镇上的南方没落贵族康普生一家的家族悲剧。老康普生游手好闲、嗜酒贪杯。其妻自私冷酷、怨天尤人。长子昆丁绝望地抱住南方旧传统不放，因妹妹凯蒂风流成性、有辱南方淑女身份而爱恨交加，竟至溺水自杀。次子杰生冷酷贪婪，三子班吉则是个白痴，三十三岁时只有三岁小儿的智能。福克纳在该小说中运用意识流的手法来描述康普生家三个儿子围绕凯蒂的堕落而展开的内心独白。通过分析康普生家族中两个代表性人物昆丁和凯蒂的悲剧命运，本论文认为凯蒂是《喧嚣与愤怒》中“喧嚣”的代表人物；而昆丁则是“愤怒”的代表人物。继而在分析引起凯蒂与昆汀个人悲剧的社会原因后，本文认为康普生家族里成员的悲剧以及其最终的分崩离析、趋于死亡恰恰折射出美国内战后美国南方社会所经历的历史性变革----南方传统的种植园经济和保守的意识形态濒于崩溃。

关键词：《喧嚣与愤怒》；凯蒂；昆丁；悲剧

ABSTRACT
   
Nobel Prize winner William Faulkner is acclaimed as one of the most influential literary giants in American literature and the American representative of stream-of-consciousness works. In his masterpiece The Sound and the Fury (1929), William Faulkner cleverly employs the stream-of-consciousness to depict the tragedy of the Compsons, a declining Southern aristocratic family in Jefferson Town in the early 20th century American South: Mr. Compson—an unaccomplished drunkard; Mrs. Compson—a selfish and irresponsible housewife; Quentin—conservative and stubborn; Caddy—caring but rebellious; Jason—callous and greed and the retarded Benjy. Revolving around the tragedy of the two typical characters—Quentin and Caddy in The Sound and the Fury, this paper holds that Caddy and Quentin are respectively the representatives of the “sound” and the “fury” in the title. Then this paper, with an attempt to analyze social reasons for the tragedy of the two characters, reaches the conclusion that the decline of the Compsons in The Sound and the Fury virtually reflects the great revolution in the American South after the Civil War—the gradual collapse of the Southern plantation economy system and the decay of long-established Southern social values.

Key words: The Sound and the Fury; Caddy; Quentin; tragedy