摘 要
       
《王子与贫儿》是马克•吐温的经典之作。小说以16世纪的英国为故事背景，讲述了两个地位悬殊的孩子互换身份的故事，借此来讽刺当时美国社会的种种罪恶。对比是写作中的一种常见的手法，它将不同事物或同一事物的不同的两面列举出来，突出矛盾双方的最本质特征，使形象感更加鲜明。准确地分析出小说中的对比艺术，无疑能使我们更好地了解一部小说以及小说的作者所要传达的主题。本文以《王子与贫儿》中的对比手法为线索，从角色的对比，环境的对比以及语言的对比加以阐述，旨在分析出对比对小说产生的作用和影响，给予他人借鉴和启迪。本文通过分析小说中出现的对比，发现对比赋予小说幽默和讽刺的效果并且由此而揭露出了小说的主题。马克•吐温创作这部小说，旨在借古讽今。他将矛头直指当时的美国，呼吁平等，反对歧视，抨击资本主义原始积累时期所带来的社会问题。通过此论文，希望《王子与贫儿》的艺术性和思想性对今后的文艺创作仍有启发和借鉴意义。

关键词：《王子与贫儿》; 对比 ; 幽默讽刺的效果

ABSTRACT
   
The Prince and the Pauper is one of Mark Twain's masterpieces. Set in England in the 16th century, it unfolds a tale that two boys who are in opposite status have exchanged their identities and satirizes all kinds of vices in the American society of that time. Contrast is a common method used in writing, which lists the two aspects of different things or the same thing and highlights substantial characteristics of the two parties in contradiction and so as to make the images more distinctive. Accurately analyzing the art of contrast in the novel can undoubtedly make us get a better understanding of a novel and the theme that the writer wants to express. Based on the clues of the contrast in The prince and the Pauper, this paper, designed to analyze the effects and influences contrast has on the novel and give reference and enlightenment to others, elaborates on the contrast in character, environment and language. Through analyzing the contrast in the novel, we find that contrast attaches humorous and ironical effects to the novel and thus manifests the novel’s theme. Writing this novel, Mark Twain used the past to satirize the present. In opposition to discrimination, he directed at America of that time and called for equality. He also attacked the major social problems existed in America society during the period of primitive accumulation of capital. Through this paper, it is observed that the artistry and ideology of The Prince and the Pauper can still enlighten and be a good example for the literary creation in the future.

Key words: The Prince and the Pauper; contrast; humorous and ironical effects;