摘 要
   
埃德加•爱伦•坡与亚瑟•柯南•道尔的侦探小说象征了前期侦探小说的一个缩影。爱伦•坡奠定了侦探小说的基本模式和雏形，柯南•道尔则使之进一步发展，趋于成熟。本论文旨在从叙事视角出发，探究爱伦•坡与柯南•道尔的侦探小说在人物塑造方面的不同之处。首先介绍有关叙事视角的理论研究，然后分析叙事视角在两位作者侦探小说中的应用，最后分析两位作家塑造的人物的特质，以此探讨柯南•道尔的侦探小说与爱伦•坡的侦探小说之间存在的关系；以及从不同视角进行叙述的优点与不足。研究发现，首先，柯南•道尔的侦探小说系列是在爱伦•坡基础上的延续与发展。在爱伦•坡所创立的侦探小说基本模式的前提下，柯南•道尔丰富了人物的形象。使小说中的角色更加清晰生动；其次，柯南•道尔摒弃了爱伦•坡在整部侦探小说系列中采用单一叙述视角——第一人称视角的特点，增加第三人称视角，不仅保持了整部系列的连贯性与整体性，又丰富了整部系列。由此得出，柯南•道尔在侦探小说领域所做的贡献。

关键词：爱伦•坡  柯南•道尔  侦探小说  人物塑造  叙述

ABSTRACT

The detective fiction of Allan Poe and Conan Doyle represent a miniature of former detective fiction. Allan Poe established the base and embryonic form for detective fiction, while Conan Doyle developed it and matured it. This paper is going to explore the difference in characterization between Allan Poe and Conan Doyle. Firstly introduce the theory of narrative perspective, then analyze application of narrative perspective in Allan Poe’s and Conan Doyle’s detective fiction to investigate the relationship between the two series of detective fiction and to explore advantages and disadvantages of different narrative perspectives. The study finds that first Conan Doyle’s detective fiction is the inheritance and development of Allan Poe’s. According to the pattern which Allan Poe created, Conan Doyle enriched the characteristics of characters and made them more vivid and clear-cut; second, Conan Doyle forsaken single narrative perspective which Allan Poe used in his stories---the first-person narrative and used the third-person narrative. This innovation not only keeps the whole series coherent and united but also enriches the whole series. Therefore, Conan Doyle has contributed to the detective fiction literature.

Key words：Poe; Conan Doyle; detective fiction; characterization; narration