Abstract:

Doris Lessing is regarded as one of the greatest female writers after Virginia Woolf. Her book Ben, in the World is called ‘the horror fiction full of philosophy’. In this book, Lessing creates an oaf, a throwback phenomenon. Here, Lessing depicts a picture that shows the living situations of marginalized people, reflects upon and criticizes the sicknesses of the modern society, and that sheds light on the degradation of humanity and the tragedy of human civilization. This essay is aimed at analyzing the marginalized persons and their living situations to expose not only the social ills, but also their concrete manifestations, on the point of marginalization.

Keywords: Doris Lessing; “throwback”; social ills; marginalization

摘要:

多丽丝•莱辛被誉为继伍尔芙之后最伟大的女性作家之一，她的代表作《浮世畸零人》被誉为“充满哲理的恐怖小说”。她在《浮世畸零人》中以夸张的手法塑造出一个“怪胎”，一个所谓的“生物返祖”现象。小说第一次以男性的角度进行描写，展示了各种处于社会边缘地位的人物形象的生存境况，由此揭露了我们生活的这个时代和社会的弊端，映照出今天人类人性的退化和人类文明的悲剧。本文欲以小说中边缘人为切入点研究读本，对小说中展现的边缘化人物与当时所处的社会环境进行分析，揭露当时社会的弊端及其在各方面的具体表现。

关键词: 多丽丝•莱辛；“生物返祖”；社会弊端；边缘人

1 Introduction
1.1 Brief Introduction to Doris Lessing
Being an eminent and prolific female writer, Doris Lessing has been widely acclaimed. She enjoys great reputation for her various writing styles. Her works cover nearly all aspects of the twentieth century, like racialism, feminism, communism, mysticism and so on. Moreover, her production covers a wide range of literary area: novel, short story, drama, non-fiction, comics and so on, while she is widely known as a novelist. Lessing's fiction is commonly divided into three distinct phases: the Communist theme (1944–1956), the psychological theme (1956–1969), and after that the Sufi theme.