Abstract:

It is widely known that Joseph Heller’s Catch-22 is a classical representative work of “black humor”. The purpose of this paper is to do a research of black humor in this fiction from the aspects of structure, characterization and language, which will help readers better understand black humor. The plot development of this fiction is not linear like traditional novel. Events occur out of chronological order especially in dialog which seems unreal and quite funny. This paper will discuss the language from paradox and circular conversations. Very special is the features of language which is filled with figures of speech which this paper tries to explain and analyze. Catch-22 is written in 42 chapters and it has more than 70 characters who leave us a deep impression and whose words and actions present grotesquery of the world. This paper tries to analyze three typical characters. Through the sarcastic depiction of those soldiers, the absurdity and inefficient of the bureaucracy is discussed in this paper. Besides in traditional culture people serving in the army are always upright, honest and brave; however Anti-hero is the major feature of this novel.

Key words: Catch-22; Joseph Heller; Black humor

摘要：

约瑟夫﹒海勒的《第二十二条军规》被广泛的认为是黑色幽默的经典代表作。这篇论文主要从小说的结构，人物以及语言来分析黑色幽默。这有助于读者更好地理解黑色幽默。这小说结构不是传统的线性结构并且事件发生总是混乱无序或是反复重复，特别是会话结构给人感觉不真实且十分好笑。小说语言特点非常特殊，此篇论文主要将介绍与分析小说中的修辞手法。然后此篇论文从悖论和循环对话来分析小说的语言特点。第二十二条军规一共有42章节有70多个人物，这些人物给我们留下了深刻的印象并且他们的语言和行为很好的展示了这个世界的荒诞。小说中三位典型人物会被分析介绍，通过对他们具有讽刺性的描绘展示了官僚主义的荒诞和无效率。此外传统文化中军人都是正直且勇敢的，而这部小说的最大特点是反英雄式的人物。

关键词：第二十二条军规；约瑟夫海勒；黑色幽默