Abstract

Shen Congwen and William Faulkner, the former is a 20th century Chinese writer full of outstanding creativity who is indulged in a natural and simple Xiangxi Rural Life and unable to extricate himself,  the latter is a 20th century American literature dean who spares no effort to build a Yoknapatawpha County throughout his life. As a renowned native literary master, their interpersonal life, creative background, life experience, and writing styles are both amazing the same and vastly different. Therefore, this article attempts to compare and interpret the similarities and differences from three aspects, their life and creative experience, creative thinking and styles, techniques of expression between China and the United States in 20th century, which will contribute to learning, studying and using for reference of local literature better.
    This paper consists of three parts, the first part deals with the life experience of Shen Congwen and Faulkner, followed by the description of their growth environment, factors that influence on their creation as well as their similarities of their life experience; The second part compares their creative ideas by analyzing the differences of their writing styles from their famous works Border Town and the Sound and the Fury, especially working on their consciousness of local literature, romanticism in Border Town and critical realism in the Sound and the Fury; The third part compares their differences in techniques of expression mainly from the plot description, language styles and the conflicts in their works.

Key words: local literature; creative ideas and styles; techniques of expression.

摘  要

沈从文和威廉福克纳，一个是20世纪中国充满创作力的出色作家，一个是20世纪美国的文坛泰斗；一个沉醉于自然朴实的“湘西乡土生活”而无法自拔，一个终其一生不遗余力地构建“约克纳帕塔法县”。作为中、美同一世纪两位蜚声文坛的乡土文学大师, 他们的人生际遇、创作背景与经历、思想与风格既有惊人的相同, 也有迥然的相异,因此，本文试图从生平与创作经历、创作思想与风格、表现手法之异同三个方面对二十世纪中外乡土文学进行比较和阐释，从而有助于对中外乡土文学更好的学习、研究和借鉴。
本文分为三部分。文章在第一部分介绍了沈从文和福克纳的生平经历，紧接着介绍了他们的成长环境，影响他们各自创作的因素以及他们生平经历的相同点；第二部分通过沈从文的小说《边城》和福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》来分析他们各自创作思想与风格的不同，着重描述了《边城》中的浪漫主义与《喧哗与骚动》中的批判现实主义对比；第三部分从情节描述,语言风格以及矛盾冲突在各自作品中的体现方面来比较了他们表现手法之不同点。

关键词:乡土文学；创作思想与风格；表现手法