Abstract

Thomas Hardy is an outstanding English writer. He possesses a very important position in the history of English literature. Hardy wrote prodigiously with about twenty novels. Tess of the D’Urbervilles is one of the greatest works and even regarded as the summit of his literary creation. Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the Hardy’s greatest, most artistic work because of the use of symbolism.
This thesis mainly deals with the use of the symbolic art in Tess of the D’Urbervilles. By analyzing the symbolism through images, the author of the thesis intends to interpret in a new perspective of the deep and profound meaning of the novel. In the meanwhile, the author  hopes to bring more attention to this topic. This thesis may give an introduction of symbolism in Tess of the D’Urbervilles from four parts. Part one gives a brief introduction of its background, plots, experience of the protagonists, the relationship among characters. Part two introduces the term of symbolism of its origins, features and functions. Part three analyses the use of symbolism in the novel through characters, natural environment, social environment, colors, animals, detailed description in the novel. Part four discusses the purpose of using symbolism through a series of images to deepen the theme and strengthen the artistic appeal. Finally, the thesis comes to the conclusion that the use of symbolism makes Tess of the D’Urbervilles the greatest work and Hardy an outstanding writer.

Key words: Thomas Hardy; Tess; symbolism; images

摘  要
   
托马斯.哈代（1840-1928）是英国杰出的作家。他在英国文学史上占有非常重要的地位。哈代写了大约二十多部小说，《德伯家的苔丝》就是其中非常著名的一部，被公认为是哈代写作生涯的顶峰。由于象征主义的运用，《德伯家的苔丝》被认为是哈代最伟大、最具艺术特色的作品。
本文主要对《德伯家的苔丝》中所蕴含的象征艺术做了分析。通过对众多意象中所体现的象征主义的分析，本文作者试图从一个新的角度说明小说深邃的主旨意义，也希望这个主题能得到更多的关注。本文将从四个部分对《德伯家的苔丝》中的象征主义进行介绍。第一部分对《德伯家的苔丝》整体进行了介绍，交代了小说的背景、情节、主人公的经历、作品中主要人物之间的关系。第二部分介绍了象征主义的起源、特征及作用。第三部分分析了小说中的人物特征、自然环境、社会环境、颜色、动物、细节描写这一系列意象所蕴含的象征意义。第四部分则讨论了哈代运用象征主义所要达到的目的。通过这一系列意象的使用，使小说的主题愈加深刻，小说的艺术感染力愈加强烈。因此，论文最后得出结论，小说中象征主义手法的运用使《德伯家的苔丝》拥有经久不衰的魅力，同时也使哈代成为了一名非凡卓越的作家。

关键词：哈代; 苔丝; 象征主义; 意象