Abstract

    Tony Morrison, the first black American female writer, being awarded Nobel Prize for Literature, describes black women’s life from unique perspective. Most of her works concern about black women’s tragic fate that black women are under both the racial and gender discriminations. Her characters overturn the traditional black female image. She depicts many females who search for self-realization and she endows them with wisdom, strength, courage and the rebellious spirit of struggling for self-realization. Sula is her second work and arouses strong controversy in the field of literature. The novel describes the life of three women, Eva, Sula and Nel, to show how hard seeking self-realization under the discriminations of class, race and sex is. Eva’s independence, Sula’s rebellion and Nel’s awaking show that black women find a special way to live in the world and set an example for the following women.           
    The paper focuses on analyzing the progress of Eva, Sula and Nel’s self-realization from feminism, revealing the hardships and difficulties and trying to find the ways to solve those difficulties. The body of this paper consists of three parts. The first part introduces the theory and development of feminism. The second part discusses the road of Eva, Sula and Nel to seek self-realization through struggling for independence, identity and friendship. The third part shows that black women meet difficulties and the ways to solve them.
    Aimed to deepen people’s understanding of feminism and summarize the difficulties and the ways in the progress of seeking self-realization, the paper analyses Sula from feminism.

Key words: Sula; self-realization; rebellion; feminism

摘   要

托尼•莫里森，美国黑人女作家，作为第一个黑人女性若贝尔奖的获得者，以独特的视角去探知20世纪美国黑人女性的生活状态。她的作品大多是关于美国黑人女性在种族和性别歧视下的悲惨命运。她的小说颠覆了传统的黑人女性形象，刻画了很多追求自我觉醒的女性，赋予她们智慧、力量、勇敢以及追求自我觉醒的反叛精神。《秀拉》是莫里森的第二部作品，一经发表引起了文学界的强烈反响。这部小说描写了伊娃、秀拉和奈尔的生活去表现黑人女性在阶级、种族和性别歧视下寻求自我觉醒的艰辛。伊娃的独立，秀拉的反叛以及奈尔的觉醒显示出黑人女性找到了一条特别的路，并且为后来女性树立了榜样。
本文拟从女性主义的视角分析伊娃、秀拉、奈尔的自我觉醒之路，揭示女性在自我觉醒之路上的艰辛与困难，分析存在的原因并提出解决的方法。本文正文拟从三个部分进行了论证。第一部分主要介绍女性主义理论及其发展过程；然后，分别从黑人女性的独立、个性、友谊，进而展现夏娃、秀拉、奈尔的自我觉醒；最后，探讨黑人女性在觉醒之路上的困难以及探寻解决困难的方法。
通过对小说《秀拉》的女性主义解读，本文期望加深人们对女性主义的认识，总结出女性发展过程的困难以及解决办法。

关键词：秀拉；自我觉醒；反叛；女性主义