Abstract

Barn Burning is one of William Faulkner’s short stories, which has won the attention of critics at home and abroad. The story mainly focuses on Sarty Snopes’ behavior, which has influenced his family and himself. On the basis of closely-reading this story and to use Freudian’s structural theory of personality, this paper tries to explore Sarty Snopes’ personality concerning about his Id, Ego and Superego, as well as the reasons for the change of his personality, trying to explore the conflict between the father Abrona and the son Sarty Snopes in justice and blood.
This paper consists of four parts. It firstly deals with Freud’s theory of personality character; second is followed by the war between justice and blood in Barn Burning, including the father and son in personality conflict, Sarty and Snpoes in personality conflict; Then, it analyzes the war between the poor and the rich in white people, including Snopes’ personality conflict, Sarty’s hard choice and Snopes’ fight; Finally, the paper tries to explore Faulkner’s inherited thoughts and the influence of his hometown on the basis of the previous studies.
Through the analysis, this paper explores Faulkner’s critical attitude on the social nature of the Old South, which makes clear direction for those confused people.

Key words: Barn Burning; war; the father and son; personality structure

摘  要

《烧马棚》是威廉•福克纳的短篇小说之一，获得了国内外评论家的普遍关注。故事主要描述主人公沙多里斯的行为对其家庭和自身造成的影响。本人在细读文本的基础上，运用弗洛伊德的人格结构理论，分析沙多里斯的自我、本我、和超我，探讨其人格变化的原因，进而分析故事中的重要人物—父亲阿伯纳与儿子沙多里斯﹒斯洛普斯在道德与血统上的矛盾与冲突。
本文从以下四个部分进行探讨。首先，主要介绍弗洛伊德的人格结构理论，论述弗洛伊德的代表作品及基本观点；其次分析作品中正义与血统的战争：包括父与子的人格冲突、沙多里斯与斯洛普斯的人格冲突；然后分析作品中穷白人与富白人之间的战争：包括斯洛普斯的人格冲突、沙多里斯的艰难选择、以及斯洛普斯的反抗；最后在前文分析的基础上探讨福克纳的思想继承状况及故乡对其创作的影响。
通过上述分析，本文揭示了福克纳批判旧南方罪恶的社会本质，为那些迷茫的人指明方向。

关键词：《烧马棚》；战争；父与子；人格结构理论；