Abstract

With the development of the society, the divergence of Good and Evil human nature becomes sharper in our social life. The problems among black and white, discrimination between higher classes and lower class, still exist sturdily. Mark Twin’s Pudd’nhead Wilson is a tragic fiction about a female slave with one-sixteen black blood and her son who was switched to be a son of a gentleman as “Fake Tom”. While this is a happy-ended fiction in which the tragedy and the ironic black humor exist everywhere in the text. This paper tries to use the concept of human nature to analyze the factors that cause this farce, at the same time, to explain how this story is guided to a happy ending with the help of Wilson.
Because, human behavior is fundamentally determined and explained by the human nature which has the spiritual attribute and human nature is also the base of human society’s most basic law or logic, being basically mapped in all kinds of human societies. Therefore, this article will mainly analyze the humanity from protagonists’ behaviors.
This paper consists of four parts. Firstly, it focuses on explaining the theory of “Marxism and Human Nature” of Sean Sayers. Secondly, it analyzes those main characters and discusses how human nature is displayed in the novel. Then, it is followed by the analysis of determinants that make their human nature change. And finally, it emphatically deliberates and reveals the connotation of the novel, and then comes to a conclusion.

Key words: human nature; Fake Tom; Pudd’nhead; Wilson
                
摘 要

随着社会发展, 社会生活中人性善恶的分歧的问题变得越发的尖锐。随时光流逝, 黑人种族的问题、阶级歧视的问题依旧坚挺。马克•吐温的《傻瓜威尔逊》是一部关于有着十六分之一的黑人女奴与她实施掉包的两个婴孩—一个是绅士的孩子汤姆, 另一个是她亲生的“狸猫换太子”的“假汤姆”—的长篇小说。全文贯穿悲剧,以及充满讽刺意味的黑色幽默, 却以喜剧结局。本文则运用人性的概念分析究竟何物造成了这出戏剧般的闹剧,进而解释究竟又是怎么样在“傻瓜”威尔逊的帮助下将剧情推向“喜剧”的结局。
因为, 人性是人类的精神属性, 从根本上由人类行为决定并解释。人性也是人类社会最基本的法律逻辑的基础,所有的人类社会是人性的基本映射。所以, 本文将主要从主人公的行为表现来分析他们所展现的人性。
本文由四个部分组成。首先, 侧重于介绍和解释肖恩•塞耶斯的“马克思主义和人性”的理论；其次, 分析文中主要人物, 讨论人性如何在小说中得以展现；接着, 分析文中主角人性发生扭曲改变的各种因素；最后,着重商讨并揭示小说想表达的隐含意义,并得出结论。

关键词：人性；假汤姆；傻瓜；威尔逊