Abstract

Social ideology is a set of conscious or unconscious ideas about one's thinking modes, values, and wills. It applies abstract thoughts to specific matters such as people’s views of arts, religions, morality and literature. Social ideology originates from the long-term development of society. Different backgrounds endow social ideology with different characteristics and embodiments. The Catcher in the Rye written by J.D. Salinger is recognized as a classic in the study of American social ideology in the 1950s. In this paper, the author takes this novel as an example to discuss American social ideology in that period.
This paper consists of four parts. The first part describes the background and themes of The Catcher in the Rye. The second part explains the definition and origin of social ideology as well as the characteristics of American social ideology at that time. The third part discusses American social ideology in the 1950s seen from the novel mainly in three aspects: rebellious ways of thinking, pursuit of materials and loss of individuality. The fourth part discusses the factors affecting American social ideology in terms of economy, politics and culture in the 1950s. The author expects to guide readers to apprehend the social and historical environment in the 1950s and facilitate people to lay emphasis on not only the material life but the spiritual life.

Key words: in the 1950s; The Catcher in the Rye; social ideology;

摘  要

社会意识形态是一系列关于人们思维方式、价值观和意志的有意识或没意识的想法。它具体表现为把抽象的概念应用到具体的事物，例如人们对艺术、宗教、道德和文学的看法。社会意识形态源自于社会长期的发展。不同的背景赋予了社会意识形态不同的特点与体现。塞林格的一部长篇小说《麦田里的守望者》被认为是研究美国二十世纪五十年代的社会意识形态的经典著作。在论文中，作者将会以这本小说为例探讨美国二十世纪五十年代的社会意识形态。
本文分为四部分。第一部分介绍《麦田里的守望者》的创作背景和主题。第二部分阐述社会意识形态的起源以及当时美国二十世纪五十年代社会意识形态的特点。第三部分主要从三个方面来探讨从这本小说中看美国的社会意识形态，分别为：反叛的思维方式，对物质的追求和个性的丧失。第四部分主要从经济、政治和文化三方面来探讨影响五十年代美国社会意识形态的因素。作者预期通过论文帮助读者认识美国五十年代的社会历史环境，引导人们不仅要注意物质富有，更要注重丰富自己的精神世界。

关键词：二十世纪五十年代；《麦田里的守望者》；社会意识形态