Abstract

The Beloved, written by a famous black female writer Toni Morrison, has been regarded as a significant literature in America. It is a masterpiece of Toni Morrison, winning the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1988, and Toni Morrison was also awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993 because of this novel. Morrison is the only black female writer who has the honor.
The novel is different from other novels, based on a true story happened on Margaret Garner, a black female mother, having to kill her daughter to protect her from being tortured. With a women-centered tone, story-telling style, this novel introduces the black’s unfair fate within the government of cruel plantation owners and their long and hard identity reconstruction process.
This essay applies the theories of Post-colonialism to explain the terrible and miserable life black females are suffering, which can be further divided into four parts. The first part is the basic concept of Post-colonialism. The second part is the application of Post-colonialism theory in the novel. The third part is the identity reconstruction process. The last part is discussing the direct causers of black females’ unfair destiny.
After the analysis of the long and rough identity reconstruction procedure of black females, it is easy to know the hope and determination that Toni Morrison bearing in her mind of eliminating racial discrimination and getting the real freedom and equal rights.
 
Key words: Toni Morrison; Post-colonialism; identity reconstruction
                
摘  要

托尼•莫里森的《宠儿》是美国最负盛名的小说之一，也是托尼•莫里森的巅峰之作。小说在1988年获得普利策小说奖，并于1993年获得诺贝尔文学奖，托尼•莫里森也因此成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女作家。
小说源于一个真实的故事，马格丽特•加纳，一个黑人母亲，为避免女儿被折磨的命运，而杀了自己的女儿。小说以“她”为中心，以讲故事的方式向我们呈现了黑人女性在残酷的殖民统治者统治下的悲惨命运，以及她们自我身份建立的漫长过程。
本文通过运用后殖民主义理论，揭示黑人女性正遭受的悲惨生活。本文主要从四个方面进行阐述。首先是对后殖民主义的认知；其次是后殖民主义理论在小说中的运用；再者探讨黑人女性身份建的过程，包括祖母,塞丝, 以及丹芙的身份重建过程；最后分析导致黑人女性不公平命运的直接原因。
通过对黑人女性身份的建立过程和后殖民的解读，分析黑人女性在重建个人身份上所面临的问题，剖析其根源，揭露托尼•莫里森试图消除种族歧视，争取自由平等权利的决心与厚望。

关键词：托尼•莫里森；后殖民主义；身份重建