Abstract

Charles Dickens was one of the most famous writers in the 19th century in Britain. Also he was one of the representatives of British critical realism. He lived in a poor family. His childhood was sad and he suffered much pain that was beyond his age. Most of his works reflected the social reality in Britain in the 1830s. He criticized the upper class and the bourgeoisie. He had strong sympathy for those who lived in lower society. Oliver Twist was his masterpiece which is famous for the well-portrayed characters and its significance in critical realism and its ruthless criticism toward the dark social reality. Nowadays, there are still many people keeping a watchful eye on this novel. Many scholars studied this novel from different aspects. This thesis mainly analyzes the character of Oliver and the reasons for the formation of Oliver’s character. Part one is about the introduction of Charles Dickens and Oliver Twist. Part two deals with Oliver’s character: kindness, innocence, filial piety and bravery and how his character is embodied in the novel. Part three is to find out the reasons for the formation of Oliver’s character.
When we have a clear understanding of Oliver’s character and the reasons for the formation of Oliver’s character, we can better know the social environment of the author’s age, and the author’s experiences. At the same time we should eulogize Oliver’s noble spirit and punish evils.

Key words: Oliver; character; reasons

摘  要

狄更斯是英国十九世纪著名的作家之一，同时他也是英国批判现实主义的代表。他生活在一个贫困的家庭里，他的童年遭受了超过其年龄所能承受的痛苦。他的大部分作品反映了英国的现实社会。他强烈批判上层社会和资产阶级，同时对下层社会的人们持有同情心。《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯的巨著，其对人物性格的深刻描绘，在批判现实主义领域的重大影响力以及对黑暗的现实社会的无情批判，使得这部作品成为了不朽名著。今天仍然有许多人关注着这部小说。许多学者从不同角度对这部小说进行了研究。本文主要分析了主人公奥利弗的不同性格以及这些性格形成的深刻原因。本文第一部分是对作者的介绍和《雾都孤儿》的简要概述；第二部分主要阐述了奥利弗善良，天真，孝顺和勇敢的性格，同时介绍了这些性格如何在文章中体现的；第三部分分析了这些性格形成背后的各种原因。
对奥利弗的性格及性格形成的原因有了清晰的了解后，我们能更好的了解作者当时所处的社会环境以及作者的一些人生经历，同时我们更应该惩恶扬善。

关键词：奥利弗；性格；原因