摘要:

本论文论述了自然主义视角下两部小说《珍妮姑娘》和《嘉莉妹妹》中两位主人公的生存哲学。论文分别从面对贫困的家境、面对爱情和面对对梦想的坚持等三方面探讨了两位姑娘的人生选择，并剖析了产生生存哲学的内在和外在原因。本论文通过对20世纪初美国女性面对种种人生的不幸她们的抉择的描写，探讨了女性为了生存，必须要充分发挥主观能动性，去适应外部环境来改变境遇。此外本论文还探讨了女性在艰难生存过程中，她们善于把握时代的脉搏与机遇，与命运抗争所表现出的珍贵品格，例如，智慧；勇气；果断；坚持等。

关键词：自然主义；珍妮姑娘；嘉丽妹妹；生存哲学

Abstract:

The thesis discusses the living philosophy of Jennie and Carrie under naturalism by analyzing the two protagonists in Jennie Gerhardt and Sister Carrie. On the basis of the two protagonists, the thesis illustrates the inner and outer reasons which give rise to the living philosophy from different aspects: how to struggle with the family living, how to make choice facing love, and how to persevere their eternal dream. The thesis is based on the background of 20th century in America, women facing a plenty of hindrance and difficulties make hard choice to adapt to the cruel reality; The thesis also illustrates the thought that women are not passive creature, but could reverse the misfortune by virtue of adapting and changing the environment which emphasizes the precious personalities and characters, such as aspiration, courage, intelligence and perseverance.

Key words: naturalism; Jennie Gerhardt; Sister Carrie; living philosophy

1. Introduction
Theodore Dreiser, who is the pioneer of the American literature in the 20th century, established his great literature reputation as an authority by virtue of Carrie Sister and Jennie Gerhardt which challenge the traditional spiritual conscience and literal character of novels during the time of Victoria Eva, accept and appreciate for its naturalism viewpoint and realism attitude that obviously illustrate the naturalism that exerts significant influence on human being’s daily behaviors, even dominants people’s destiny (Zhuang Qun, 2011). Both of the two novels vividly reflect Dreiser’s philosophical thoughts and opinions of Naturalism.