Abstract

Sons and Lovers written by David Herbert Lawrence mainly tells a story about the emotional entanglement among the male protagonist Paul and three female protagonists ── Mrs. Morel, Miriam and Clara. The three female protagonists all end up with tragedies. This thesis aims to analyze the causes leading to their tragedies. Beginning with the analysis of the environmental causes, this thesis furthers its analysis by demonstrating the characterological causes and the causes on the part of the male protagonist Paul.

Key words: Sons and Lovers, tragedies, Mrs. Morel, Miriam, Clara, environmental causes, characterological causes

摘 要

D. H. 劳伦斯的小说《儿子与情人》主要向我们讲述了男主人公保罗与三位女主人公──莫瑞尔太太，米莉安以及克拉拉的情感纠葛。三位女主人公都以悲剧命运收场。本论文旨在分析形成三位女主人公人生悲剧的原因。从剖析社会、家庭等环境因素开始，本论文进而分析了三位女主人公的个人性格因素以及男主人公保罗对她们的影响。

关键词：《儿子与情人》；悲剧；莫瑞尔太太；米莉安；克拉拉；环境因素；性格因素；

1. Introduction
Referring to British literature, we have to mention D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930). Genius----this is a very proper word to describe him. David Herbert Lawrence, a novelist, poet, dramatist and painter, was born in 1885. He is known as one of the greatest writers in the history of British literature. He created more than ten novels, three travel notes, three short novels and other poems, proses, critical essays and so on. Sons and Lovers, Women in Love, Lady Chatterley’s Lover and The Rainbow have become classic masterpieces in the 20th-century British literature.
D. H. Lawrence is the pioneer of British modernistic fiction and different from other writers. His works are accepted by common people more than 20 years after his death. As far as I am concerned, his greatness lies not only in his exquisite writing techniques, but also in his courage to surpass that era. He has the courage to break through taboos of that age. In his works, he touches the topic of sex daringly and uses psychological theories to explore the most harmonious sexual relations.