Abstract

Oscar Wilde, the famous English novelist, playwright, poet of the 19th century, was the chief participant of the aesthetic movement, based on the principle of “Art for Art’s Sake”. His only novel is The Picture of Dorian Gray. Although it encountered severe criticisms at the beginning, its special value got recognized in the 20th century. To some degree, it is the real picture of the complex personality of Oscar Wilde. The three main figures, Henry, Basil and Dorian reliably reflect the three divisions of Wilde’s personality – the id, the superego and the ego. The contradiction between the three people in the novel perfectly illustrates painful struggle between the three parts of Wilde’s personality. This paper starts with a brief introduction of the author and the novel, then explores Oscar Wilde’s complicated personality by analyzing the three leading characters in the novel and therefore finds out whose portrait this really is and Oscar Wilde is the combination of the three figures.

Key words: Oscar Wilde, id, superego, ego

摘要

奥斯卡•王尔德是19世纪英国著名的小说家，剧作家，诗人，是唯美主义运动的主要倡导者。《道林•格雷的画像》是他的唯一一部小说，尽管这部小说在当时饱受非议，但在20世纪，它的价值得到了人们的认可。从某种意义上来说，也是他自身复杂人格的真实写照。小说中的三个主要人物，亨利，巴塞尔，道林分别是王尔德本我，超我，自我的完美象征。本文从简要介绍作者生平和这部小说入手，进而对小说中的三个主要人物进行深入剖析，来探寻奥斯卡•王尔德的复杂人格。最终总结出奥斯卡•王尔德是这三个人物的融合, 而画像既是他的自画像。

关键词：奥斯卡•王尔德，本我，超我，自我

1. Introduction
 Life is a drama, short or long. While time is an honest critic and it will tell which role is the most valuable. Oscar Wilde, a legendary figure in the history of English literature, is still one of the most controversial figures today after more than one hundred years since he died.