[摘  要]

印第安民族作为北美最早的原住居民，创造了辉煌的印第安文学。但是，众所周知，印第安人民在其民族发展史上经历了各种制约以及对其传统文化的冲击。在此种环境下，印第安文学近年来在美国文学界并没有被引起关注。本文透过库柏的作品《最后的莫西干人》深刻剖析了印第安民族的发展史及小说中体现出的印第安情结，并进一步阐述了在殖民主义和文化渗透的影响下，印第安民族所做出的努力和牺牲以及印第安文学对美国后起文学的影响。

[关键词] 印第安文学特点；印第安情结；文化内涵；文化渗透；殖民主义；文学影响

Abstract:

As the earliest local inhabitant in North America, Indian nation created a glorious Indian literature. However, as known to all, during the development of Indian nation, Indians experienced kinds of limitation and culture shocks. Under such circumstance, Indian literature did not get much attention by American literary circles. Through The Last of Mohicans written by Cooper, the essay mainly focuses on the study of the characteristics and national history in Indian literature to analyze the specific and recessive connotations and manifestations of Indian complexes. Moreover, it gives a furthermore elaboration on the different attitudes toward Americans.

Key words: Indian literature characteristics; Indian complexes; recessive connotation; cultural invasion; colonialism; cultural influence

1. Introduction
The America native writer James Fennimore Cooper is one of the pioneers and founders of America literature, and he is the first one who adopted the themes relating to America. Taking a panoramic view of Cooper’s works, what really founded his literary status were his novels about frontier region. The Last of Mohicans is one of his representative works of this kind. In this novel, the author depicted the grace and mysterious of the virgin forest and the conflictions among the whites and Indians, and even Indians’ inner parts with his exquisite style of drawing, which added some kind of romance to such a cruel and bloody circumstance.
In the novel, the whole story centered on the rescue plan of Sister Munro, and this time Indians were first endowed positive image and characters. They had a lofty character, simple but virtuous, brave but resourceful. However, Mohicans, as the master of the land around the salt lake, fought against other tribes and lost their land and people by the falsehood and instigation of the white colonists. Through these descriptions, the writer expressed his deep sympathy for Indians and showed great hatred to the colonists.