[摘  要]

海明威是二十世纪最有影响的作家之一。近四十年的创作生涯使他形成了独特的写作风格——“冰山风格”，这来自于作家本人对其创作的形象化概括，即“冰山原理”。这一原理是海明威毕生创作经验的总结，其特点是厚积薄发、精炼文字，海明威在自己的创作中始终坚持这一原理。本文以海明威的代表作《永别了，武器》为例，通过对语言使用的细节分析，阐明“冰山原理”的实质及其在作者作品中具体应用，以此指导学生的英文写作，使语言形成凝练简洁之风。

[关键词]冰山原理；《永别了，武器》；应用；写作水平

Abstract:

Hemingway is one of the American writers who had great influence in the twentieth century. He had formed a unique thinking and artistic style owning to his nearly 40-year creative career. And this style is, called by most people, “iceberg style’, which comes from “Iceberg Principle”. The principle is a summary of Hemingway’s whole life creative experience, which is characterized by being precise and concise. This paper first illustrates the essence of “iceberg principle”, and then analyzes the application of “Iceberg Principle” in A Farewell to Arms and some other works of Hemingway. It is clear that this can be very helpful to improve students’ English writing skills and to form the style of being concise.

Key word：iceberg Principle; A Farewell to Arms; application; writing skills

 1. Introduction
World literature will remember Hemingway, who is one of the greatest writers in the twentieth century. Among twentieth-century American fiction writers, his work is most often compared to that of his contemporaries William Faulkner and F. Scott Fitzgerald. Combined with his outstanding short stories, Hemingway’s four major novels—The Sun Also Rises （1926）,A Farewell to Arms （1929）,For Whom the Bell Tolls （1940）,and The Old Man and the Sea （1952）—comprise a contribution to modern fiction that is far more substantial than Fitzgerald’s and that approximates Faulkner’s. He had experienced a colorful life, which was partly legendry. And thanks to his special experiences, war and sports had become his main writing materials. His works sometimes are concise and colloquial, like that of Mark Twain; sometimes calm and quiet, like that of Flaubert; and sometimes profound and meticulous, like that of Maupassant. In a word, he is not only good at taking advantages of others’ writing skills, but also dare to practice his own way, thus making his production equipped with a very particular style. From the beautiful streets of Paris in The Sun also Rises to the sea areas of Cuba in The Old Man and Sea, Hemingway used the abstracted, powerful, symbolic and poetic words to convey our readers the natural feelings of the lost generation.