[摘要]

罗伯特·弗罗斯特是20世纪美国文学的一位伟大诗人。他的诗歌主要以新英格兰乡村为背景，描绘美丽的自然风景和人民淳朴的生活，充满田园情趣。象征手法是弗罗斯特诗歌中的一大亮点，他善于运用生活中平凡而简单的事物，尤其是自然中的景物来表达他对自然、对人类以及对生活的态度，并且擅长把具体的自然景物转换为象征物并赋予它们深刻的意义，这种手法的运用常常给人以无限遐想。本文主要从弗罗斯特的诗歌主题，诗歌创作风格及其诗歌的表层意象所蕴含的人生哲理对诗歌中所运用的象征手法作以详细的分析以评论，以期更好地了解和把握弗罗斯特诗歌中的丰富内涵。

[关键字]罗伯特·弗罗斯特；自然风光；主题；创作手法；意象；象征手法；人生哲理

Abstract:

Robert Frost is one of the greatest poets in the 20th century of American literature. He takes the natural scenery of rural New England as the background of his poems. Frost’s poems are plain and refreshing but full of profound philosophy and wisdom. Symbolism is wildly used, and it is the main characteristics in his poems, which makes his seemingly simple poems more mysterious and often give readers much space to think. This thesis attempts to make a detailed analysis of the symbolic use in his poems, the inditing techniques and the imagoes of Frost’s poems, with the aim of having a better understanding of the real essence of his poems.

Key words: Robert Frost; natural scenery; theme; inditing techniques; imago; symbolism; philosophy

1. Introduction
In the 20th century, Robert Frost was perhaps one of the most greatest and beloved poets in America, who is well known for his pastoral and nature poetry. He was the Pulitzer Prize winner on four occasions and was awarded “the gift outright”, at the inauguration of president John F. Kennedy; and he received honorary degrees from many colleges and universities across the length and breath of the land. Actually, during his lifetime, Frost won almost all the great honors, which the other poets cannot receive in this world.[1] 
Robert Frost’s poems are mainly on the background of the rural New England, which often take on a picture of local flatus and pastorals. Most of his poems are symbol oriented and these symbols almost based on natural scenes and actions, as for most of his life, he lives in the countryside in New England, so his poems always begin with a natural object, scene, or incident for him to observe and to record. Therefore, he was called “The Poet of New England.”[2] Frost is also good at using the traditional rhythm and iambic form to describe the beautiful natural scenery and the simple life of people in his poems, to express his love to nature and his sympathy to the poor people. Therefore his poetry are full of life, truth and wisdom.[3] Compared with his contemporaries, his poems are much more vivid, energetic and full of pleasure. At the same time, most of his poems are direct on the informational level with the simple diction, but the profound meanings are delivered under the disguise of plain language and the simple form. The success of Frost’s poems is attributed to the exertion of various artistic techniques, such as symbolism, dramatic monolog and synecdoche, while symbolism is one of the most typical characteristics in his poems. Because of this, his poems are seemingly simple and common, but in fact, they are full of profound philosophy and they often covered with a mysterious veil.