摘要

托尼·莫里森(1931- )是美国20世纪杰出的黑人女性作家之一。本文从叙事艺术角度研究其代表作《最蓝的眼睛》(1970)。论文引言部分主要介绍了作家莫里森、小说的故事内容以及前人的相关研究。主体部分包含叙事视角与叙事语言、叙事结构、叙事技巧三方面。首先介绍了小说中多重的叙事角度和多样化的语言使得小说内容和人物形象生动地展现在了读者面前。接着，结合伊瑟尔的召唤文本结构，分析了小说独特的开头和意想不到的章节安排。最后阐释了叙事技巧对于暗示人物命运的作用。结论部分总结了莫里森富于变化的写作技巧，指出了合适的叙事艺术手法对于引导小说情节的发展以及烘托小说主旨的重要性。

关键词  托尼·莫里森,《最蓝的眼睛》，叙事艺术

Abstract

Toni Morrison (1931- ) is one of the most prominent African American female writers during the 20th century. This paper studies her representative work The Bluest Eye (1970) from the perspective of the narrative art. The introduction part mainly introduces Morrison, the plot of the novel and the precious researches. The body part includes three chapters, namely, narrative perspectives and language, narrative structure and narrative techniques. It first introduces the multiple narrative perspectives and the diversified language, which show the plots and characters of the novel vividly to the readers. Then it analyzes the distinctive prelude and the unexpected arrangement of the chapters with Iser’s Response-inviting Structure. Finally, it interprets the role that narrative techniques play in suggesting the character’s fate. The conclusion part draws a conclusion of Morrison’s changeable writing techniques. Then it points out that a suitable narrative art is important for leading the plot’s development and enhancing the novel’s theme.

Keywords  Toni Morrison, The Bluest Eye, narrative art

1  Introduction
Toni Morrison is one of the most prominent African American writers during the 20th century. Morrison’s main achievement lies in her novels. Since the 1970s, she has published six novels, in which she mainly focuses on the experience of black Americans, particularly emphasizing black women’s experience in an unjust society and the search for identity. Among her novels, The Bluest Eye is Morrison’s first novel which establishes her literary reputation as a renowned black writer by which she won the Nobel Prize in 1993.
When we read the novel, the title attracts our mind immediately. Then the questions come out. Whose eyes? Why it’s blue? Why it’s the bluest? After finishing reading the novel, readers will find out the answers. The story is mainly narrated from the first person perspective of the nine-year-old black girl Claudia. The novel shows us a tragic story that the black girl Pecola who finally becomes crazy because of the physical and mental trauma of black people from slavery and the internalization of the white values with the loss of her own identity.