摘要

托尼·莫里森(1931- )是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国黑人女作家,被认为是生态女性主义的代表人物，其处女作《最蓝的眼睛》无疑是她生态女性主义思想展露的最好作品。本文从生态女性主义的角度解读了《最蓝的眼睛》。论文引言部分主要介绍了莫里森、小说主要内容、生态女性主义以及前人研究。主体部分主要从自然破坏、女性扭曲、构建生态女性主义社会三方面入手。首先阐述自然破坏及自然与女性的联系;接着分析白人主导社会下女性扭曲的表现;最后探讨了建设生态女性主义社会的三个方面。结论指出：在白人的社会中，黑人女性深受摧残，自然也遭受破坏。作为一名黑人女性，莫里森深谙自然与女性对于社会和谐的重要性，所以旨在呼吁大家构建一个自然与人类和谐相处的社会。莫里森的生态女性主义观点在当今社会也有着举足轻重的意义。

关键词  生态女性主义， 自然， 黑人女性扭曲，生态女性主义社会

Abstract

    Being the first black woman writer who has ever won the Nobel Prize for Literature in America, Toni Morrison is regarded as a representative of eco-feminist and her debut novel The Bluest Eye (1970) is the most typical one. This paper interprets the novel from the eco-feminist perspective. The introduction part mainly introduces Morrison, the main contents of the novel, eco-feminism and previous study. The body part includes three aspects, namely, the victimization of nature, distorted maternity and the construction of an eco-feminist society. It first elaborates ecological deterioration and the relationship between nature and woman. Then it analyzes the behaviors of distorted women in the white-dominated society and finally explores the building of an eco-feminist society in three sections. The conclusion part points out that black women and nature are tortured in the white society. As a black woman, Morrison is quite aware of the significance of social harmony between nature and women, hence, she appeals to us to establish a society in which humans can live in harmony with nature. Morrison’s viewpoint of eco-feminism still plays a crucial role nowadays.

Keywords  eco-feminism, nature, distorted black women, eco-feminist society

1  Introduction
Toni Morrison (1931- ) was born on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio, a small Midwestern steel-mill town. As a remarkable African-American novelist, Morrison wrote nine novels in her writing career by now, they are The Bluest Eye (1970), Beloved (1987), Sura (1973), Song of Solomon (1977), Tar Baby (1981), Jazz (1992), Paradise (1999), Love (2003), and A Mercy (2008). Because of the epic themes, vivid dialogues, and richly detailed characters in her novels, Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993. Her novels are extremely rich in vitality and expressive force, and they are beyond the realistic technique and fancies, connecting American black women’s life and development with their physical and psychological sufferings. Therefore, Morrison is undoubtedly a great representative of black women writers in the field of contemporary American literature. Under the strong shock of white culture, traditional black culture suffers erosion in a certain extent, and some black people even began to reject and give up their own cultural traditions. Thus, Morrison always pays attention to explore the problem on how to deal with the relationship between the black culture and white culture, and to preserve the black traditions.