Abstract:

Tao Yuanming (352 or 365-472) and William Wordsworth (1770-1850) are the excellent and representative poets in the history of Chinese and English pastoral poetry. Tao Yuanming is the first Chinese pastoral poet, known as “the father of the recluse poets”. After resignation from officialdom, Tao chose to keep away from the rip-roaring public life and went back to the simple and peaceful rural life. His pastoral poetry is famous for its fresh language and pure artistic conception, which directly affects the pastoral poetry in the Tang Dynasty, and pushes the Chinese classical poetry to a new level. Returning to My Farm(Ⅰ) was the first poem he created after being resigned from county magistrate in Pengze, and hence known as a high-quality treasure in Chinese pastoral poetry. As the leader of English “Lake Poets” and the founder of English romantic movement in the 19th century, he was called “a Poet of Nature” by Percy Bysshe Shelley. Wordsworth created a fresh and lively style instead of neoclassic style and achieved epoch-making innovations in writing. With deep and boundless love for nature, he focused on the beautiful natural landscape, extolled easeful country life. Lyrical Ballads, co-authored by him and Coleridge, marked the birth of the new romantic poetry and Tintern Abbey is one of his masterpieces. Despite quite other era and country, Wordsworth and Tao Yuanming lost themselves in nature and advocated harmonious integration of human beings and nature.
    This comparative study takes Tao Yuanming’s Returning to My Farm(Ⅰ) and Wordsworth’s Tintern Abbey as examples, which intends to discuss the similarities and differences between the two poets and their poems, and more importantly, achieve a deeper understanding of diverse cultures between the two countries.

Key words: Tao Yuanming; Wordsworth; pastoral poetry; similarities and differences; views on nature
 
摘要：

陶渊明（352或365—472）和威廉·华兹华斯（1770—1850）是中英田园诗歌史上杰出的代表性诗人。陶渊明是中国田园诗的开拓者，被称为“古今隐逸诗人之宗”。在经历了跌宕起伏的官场生涯过后，陶渊明选择远离世俗的尘嚣，回归淳朴宁静的田园生活。他的田园诗以纯朴自然的语言、高远拔俗的意境，直接影响到唐代田园诗派，并使中国古典诗歌达到了一个新的境界。《归园田居·其一》是陶渊明在辞去彭泽县令归隐之后所作的第一首诗，诗看似质朴，实则奇丽，是中国田园诗中的精品。华兹华斯是湖畔派诗人的领袖，被雪莱称为“讴歌自然的诗人”。文笔朴素清新，自然流畅，一反新古典主义平板、典雅的风格，开创了新鲜活泼的浪漫主义诗风，在诗艺上则实现了划时代的革新。他与柯尔律治合作的《抒情歌谣集》标志了浪漫主义新诗歌的诞生，而《丁登寺旁》是其中的压轴作。诗在描写自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲理思维。两位诗人虽生活在不同的时代和国度，但都寄情于山水，讴歌自然，回归自然，把自然作为自己心灵的慰藉和寄托。
本文将以两位诗人的代表作《归园田居·其一》和《丁登寺旁》为例，分析两位诗人的异同处，进而加深对两位诗人田园诗歌乃至中西方不同文化的理解。

关键词：陶渊明；华兹华斯；田园诗；异同；自然观