Abstract:

The United States is a self-proclaimed democracy and freedom country, but the democracy and freedom are full of paradox, and there has been racial discrimination in the United States. Because the United States is an immigrant country with multi-ethic composition since the establishment of colonies, racial discrimination is a serious problem existing in the American society. And the formation of this problem is also caused by a variety of factors, including politics, economy, history, culture and so on. Invisible Man, the masterpiece of American black writer Ralph Ellison, with the hero’s life experience as a clue, mainly expounds the hero’s university life in southern, works at the paint factory in New York and experiences in the area of Harlem. The phenomenon of racial discrimination in the Invisible Man was expressed in different aspects, mainly in the root causes (including history and reality, etc.), the performance of racial discrimination in the novel, and the novel artistic value. The paper is from the social conflict between the black and white, deeply revealed the roots and influences of the racial discrimination in American, it also have a certain influence in the United States in 1950s. Similarly, in modern society, Invisible Man has also brought a favorable effect on the harmonious development of the whole world. People pay more attention to the problem of racial discrimination by this novel, so the people of the world pay more attention to the equality and democracy., and the people’s life is more happy.

Key words: Invisible Man; Ralph Ellison; racial discrimination

摘要：

美国是一个自我标榜的民主与自由的国家，但是这种民主和自由都是充满悖论的，美国是一直存在着种族歧视的。因为美国是一个民族成分非常复杂的移民国家，从建立殖民地至今，非常严重的种族歧视问题在美国社会中存在着，这样问题的形成也是由于多种因素造成的，包括政治，经济，历史，文化等因素。小说《看不见的人》是美国黑人作家拉尔夫·埃里森的代表作，它以主人公的人生经历为线索，主要阐述了主人公在南方的大学生活，在纽约油漆工厂的遭遇以及在哈姆莱区的经历。种族歧视这一现象在小说《看不见的人》中有不同方面的展现，主要表现在根源（包括历史和现实等根源问题），《看不见的人》中种族歧视的表现和影响，以及小说所带来的艺术价值。本文从黑人与白人的社会冲突中，深刻揭露出美国种族歧视的根源以及所带来的影响，尤其是在美国20世纪50年代所产生的影响。同样，在现代社会，《看不见的人》对整个世界和谐发展带来了有利影响。人们通过小说可以更加重视种族歧视的问题，所以现在世界人们更加注重平等与民主,人们生活也更加幸福美满。

关键词：《看不见的人》；拉尔夫·埃里森；种族歧视

Introduction
   In the 1950s, the United States reveals a prosperous sight: fast food, cars, color film, TV, computer, rising wages... So a lot of people think 19th50s is “happiness” in the United States. But in fact, panic, poverty, unemployment, inequality and racial discrimination and other issues also exists in this period.
With the progress of time, many African-American novels with clear theme emerged, these novels reveal a deep serious racial persecution and discrimination still exists in American society, and reflect the pain of African-American life. Of course these novels make American society attach great importance to racial issues, and they are called “protest fiction” in the 20th century American literary history.