摘要：

  哥特式小说产生于18世纪中晚期。作为英国维多利亚时期杰出的小说家，查尔斯.狄更斯在1838年出版的著作《雾都孤儿》中运用了大量的哥特式创作手法来描写环境、揭示人物心理冲突、构建情节以及衬托主题。
  狄更斯以自身的写作经历和文学作品，感动了世界各地的无数读者。并成为继莎士比亚之后英国的又一位文学巨匠。 《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯的第二部长篇小说，也是狄更斯创作初期的优秀作品之一。本文将会从哥特式场景、哥特式人物、哥特式情节和哥特式主题四个方面来具体分析《雾都孤儿》中的哥特因子。

关键词：哥特式；《雾都孤儿》；查尔斯.狄更斯

Abstract：

 Gothic fiction was dated back to middle and late period in 18 century. As a famous novelist in Victoria era, Charles Dickens applied numerous Gothic writing techniques in his novel,Oliver Twist, which published in 1838, to describe the environment, reveal the contract of the characters' psychology, build plot and set off the theme.
 With his own writing experience and literary works, Dickens has moved millions of readers around the globe. And becomes a literary giant in British after Shakespeare. Oliver Twist is the second novel written by Dickens. It is one of Dickens’ outstanding works. This essay will analyze Gothic elements in Oliver Twist from four aspects: Gothic settings, Gothic characters, Gothic plots and Gothic theme.

Key words: Gothic; Oliver Twist; Charles Dicken

1. Introduction
    Charles Dickens is the second novelist who has a significant impact on the world literature after Shakespeare. Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a debtors’ prison. Despite the lacking of formal education, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five novellas, hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively. He was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children’s rights, education, and other social reforms. Dickens’ literary success began with the 1836 serial publication of The Pickwick Papers. Within a few years he had become an international literary celebrity, famous for his humor, satire, and keen observation of character and society. Dickens was regarded as the literary colossus of his age. His 1843 novella, A Christmas Carol, remains popular and continues to inspire adaptations in every artistic genre. Oliver Twist and Great Expectations are also frequently adapted, and, like many of his novels, evoke images of early Victorian London.