摘要：

本文通过对简.奥斯汀的小说《爱玛》中三位女性主人公进行分析，反映出女性的三种不同类型的婚姻观：爱玛追求婚姻的客观完美性；简.费尔法克斯追求婚姻的传统性；哈利特.史密斯追求婚姻的实用性。笔者对每一种婚姻观剖析其形成的原因，说明不同的婚姻观很大程度地影响女性的命运。分析婚姻观与女性命运在当今社会有着非常重要的意义，笔者希望以此为当今女性在追求幸福的婚姻生活中提供一些有益的借鉴。

关键词：《爱玛》; 婚姻观；女性命运；幸福婚姻

Abstract:

This thesis has made an analysis of women’s fate through the heroine’s views of marriage in Emma. Through the study and the analysis, the writer specifies three kinds of views of marriage described by Jane Austin in the novel Emma, such as Emma’s perfect marriage, Jane Fairfax’s traditional marriage and Harriet Smith’s practical marriage. The discussion will be accompanied with each kind of views of marriage, their reasons and consequent fates. In the present, the topic concerning marriage and fate is arousing great interest in young people. Therefore it is of great importance to make this analysis in modern society. The writer hopes that people will benefit a lot from this thesis when they are pursuing their happy marriages.

Key words: Emma; views of marriage; women's fate; happy marriage

1.    Introduction
This paper is an analysis of women’s fate through the heroine’s views of marriage in Emma. Views of marriage have been a hot topic for hundreds of years among scholars and writers both domestically and abroad. Both noble people and common people have generated various marriage stories. Especially in modern society, with the economic development and the amendment of marriage law, young people hold more rights in marriage, which has a profound and extensive effect on their views of marriage and fates. The differences are made obvious especially in the women group, who is considered as the weak group. Traditionally a woman’s fate is closely related to her marriage life. A majority of them want to improve their social standard and living standard through better marriages. The novel, Emma, written by Jane Austin, is a good example of revealing the relationship between the marriage and women’s fates.
In this paper, the writer will concentrate on the analysis of women’s fate through the heroine’s marriages in Emma. The emphasis will be put on the analysis of Emma Woodhouse, Jane Fairfax and Smith Harriet. Through research and analysis the writer has found out that there are mainly three models of marriage: (1) the perfect marriage characterized by Emma and Knightley (2) the traditional marriage characterized by Jane and Frank (3) the practical marriage characterized by Harriet and Martin. Their views of marriage have played an important and even critical effect on their fates. Therefore the writer will discuss the relation between them and give proofs and evidences. Finally the writer hopes that this paper will give some practical and direct advice to those who are pursuing their happy marriages.