摘要：

《摸彩》是美国作家雪莉·杰克逊的一篇著名的短篇小说，通过运用象征的手法深刻地揭示出资本主义体制下人性的扭曲异化，反映了战后资本主义社会的情况。《药》是鲁迅的著名短篇小说，通过描写华小栓与夏瑜之死，揭示出中国封建社会下人们的愚昧和落后。这两部作品中都运用了象征手法，并通过该手法揭示出深刻的主题。本文通过对《摸彩》和《药》中人名的寓意、人的言行的寓意以及景物的寓意等方面的比较，揭示出象征主义手法在烘托、深化主题的作用，旨在帮助读者更好地理解作品的主题。

关键词：象征手法；主题；《摸彩》；《药》

Abstract:

The Lottery is a famous short story written by Shirley Jackson. It has deeply revealed the twisted human nature under the system of capitalism and reflected the condition of capital society after war. Medicine is a famous short story written by Lu Xun. It has revealed the people’s ignorance and backwardness under the feudal society of China by describing the death of Hua Xiaoshuan and Xia Yu. The two stories both use symbolism to reveal the deep themes. This thesis analyzes the use of symbolism in heightening and deepening the themes through a comparison of the two stories in the use of human names, acts, settings and objects. And this paper aims to help readers to understand the two stories’ themes better.  

Key words: symbolism; theme; The Lottery; Medicine