Abstract

The animal novels of Jack London have appealed to millions of people all around the world since published. And critics also analyzed them with different theories or principles, such as “Survival of the Fittest”, philosophical theories, ecocriticism and so on. With the arising and the development of postcolonialism since 1970s, more and more critics begin to pay attention to this way of criticizing. This thesis is intended to explore animal novels of Jack London from the perspective of postcolonialism. Orientalism is revealed in this paper through analyzing the binary opposition of the West versus the Non-west and the male versus the female. This paper also studies the confirmation of identity as the West of Jack London, which is realized through his creating, watching and manipulating the Non-west and the female as the “Other”.

Key words: Jack London; postcolonialism; Orientalism; the “Other”

摘要

杰克·伦敦的动物小说自发表以来便广受世界读者的欢迎，批评家也从进化论、意识形态理论、生态主义、等各种角度对其文本进行了评论。随着20世纪70年代以来后殖民主义理论的兴起与发展，批评界对后殖民主义文化理论的关注日盛。本文拟将从后殖民主义角度解读杰克·伦敦的动物小说。本文将从西方与非西方的对立以及男性与女性的对立来揭示杰克·伦敦在文学文本掩盖下的东方主义立场，并通过他对非西方、女性这两种“他者”的创造、凝视、和操纵，探究其作为主体对身份认同的构建。

关键词：杰克·伦敦；后殖民主义；东方主义；他者